POLD4

POLD4
Identifiers
Aliases	POLD4, POLDS, p12, polymerase (DNA) delta 4, accessory subunit, DNA polymerase delta 4, accessory subunit
External IDs	MGI: 1916995 HomoloGene: 10909 GeneCards: POLD4
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human)[1] Band 11q13.2 Start 67,350,777 bp[1] End 67,356,972 bp[1]
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein binding • DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Cellular component • delta DNA polymerase complex • nucleoplasm • nucleolus • mitochondrion • cytosol • cell nucleus Biological process • DNA-dependent DNA replication • nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap filling • DNA synthesis involved in DNA repair • translesion synthesis • transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair • nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision • telomere maintenance • DNA damage response, detection of DNA damage • nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 5'-to lesion • DNA repair • cellular response to DNA damage stimulus • telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication • DNA replication Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	57804	69745
Ensembl	ENSG00000175482	n/a
UniProt	Q9HCU8	Q9CWP8
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001256870 NM_021173	NM_027196
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001243799 NP_066996	NP_081472
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 67.35 – 67.36 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[2]	[3]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

DNA polymerase delta subunit 4, also known as DNA polymerase delta subunit p12, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the POLD4 gene.^[4] It is a component of the DNA polymerase delta complex.

References

1. 
   ^ ^abc GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000175482 - Ensembl, May 2017
   


2. 
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3. 
   ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
   


4. 
   ^ "Entrez Gene: polymerase (DNA-directed)".
   

Further reading

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• 
  Xie B, Mazloum N, Liu L, et al. (2002). "Reconstitution and characterization of the human DNA polymerase delta four-subunit holoenzyme". Biochemistry. 41 (44): 13133–42. doi:10.1021/bi0262707. PMID 12403614.
  


• 
  Selak N, Bachrati CZ, Shevelev I, et al. (2008). "The Bloom's syndrome helicase (BLM) interacts physically and functionally with p12, the smallest subunit of human DNA polymerase delta". Nucleic Acids Res. 36 (16): 5166–79. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn498. PMC 2532730. PMID 18682526.
  


• 
  Bae SH, Bae KH, Kim JA, Seo YS (2001). "RPA governs endonuclease switching during processing of Okazaki fragments in eukaryotes". Nature. 412 (6845): 456–61. doi:10.1038/35086609. PMID 11473323.
  


• 
  Matsumoto Y, Kim K, Hurwitz J, et al. (1999). "Reconstitution of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-dependent repair of apurinic/apyrimidinic sites with purified human proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (47): 33703–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.47.33703. PMID 10559261.
  


• 
  Liu G, Warbrick E (2006). "The p66 and p12 subunits of DNA polymerase delta are modified by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 349 (1): 360–6. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.08.049. PMID 16934752.
  


• 
  Tsurimoto T, Shinozaki A, Yano M, et al. (2005). "Human Werner helicase interacting protein 1 (WRNIP1) functions as a novel modulator for DNA polymerase delta". Genes Cells. 10 (1): 13–22. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2443.2004.00812.x. PMID 15670210.
  


• 
  Wood RD, Shivji MK (1997). "Which DNA polymerases are used for DNA-repair in eukaryotes?". Carcinogenesis. 18 (4): 605–10. doi:10.1093/carcin/18.4.605. PMID 9111189.
  


• 
  Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
  


• 
  Huang QM, Akashi T, Masuda Y, et al. (2010). "Roles of POLD4, smallest subunit of DNA polymerase delta, in nuclear structures and genomic stability of human cells". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 391 (1): 542–6. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.11.094. PMID 19931513.
  


• 
  Li H, Xie B, Zhou Y, et al. (2006). "Functional roles of p12, the fourth subunit of human DNA polymerase delta". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (21): 14748–55. doi:10.1074/jbc.M600322200. PMID 16510448.
  


• 
  Liu L, Mo J, Rodriguez-Belmonte EM, Lee MY (2000). "Identification of a fourth subunit of mammalian DNA polymerase delta". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (25): 18739–44. doi:10.1074/jbc.M001217200. PMID 10751307.
  

v t e DNA replication (comparing Prokaryotic to Eukaryotic)
Initiation	Prokaryotic (initiation) Pre-replication complex dnaC Cdc6 Helicase dnaA dnaB T7 Primase dnaG Eukaryotic (preparation in G1 phase) Pre-replication complex Origin recognition complex ORC1 ORC2 ORC3 ORC4 ORC5 ORC6 Cdc6 Cdt1 Minichromosome maintenance MCM2 MCM3 MCM4 MCM5 MCM6 MCM7 Licensing factor Autonomously replicating sequence Single-strand binding protein SSBP2 SSBP3 SSBP4 RNase H RNASEH1 RNASEH2A Helicase: HFM1 Primase: PRIM1 PRIM2 Both Origin of replication/Ori/Replicon Replication fork Lagging and leading strands Okazaki fragments Primer
Replication	Prokaryotic (elongation) DNA polymerase III holoenzyme dnaC dnaE dnaH dnaN dnaQ dnaT dnaX holA holB holC holD holE Replisome DNA ligase DNA clamp Topoisomerase DNA gyrase Prokaryotic DNA polymerase: DNA polymerase I Klenow fragment Eukaryotic (synthesis in S phase) Replication factor C RFC1 Flap endonuclease FEN1 Topoisomerase Replication protein A RPA1 Eukaryotic DNA polymerase: alpha POLA1 POLA2 PRIM1 PRIM2 delta POLD1 POLD2 POLD3 POLD4 epsilon POLE POLE2 POLE3 POLE4 DNA clamp PCNA Control of chromosome duplication Both Movement: Processivity DNA ligase
Termination	Telomere: Telomerase TERT TERC DKC1

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