Weald Clay

Weald Clay Stratigraphic range: Hauterivian-Barremian, 136–125 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	Wealden Group
Sub-units	Horsham Stone Member
Underlies	Atherfield Clay Formation
Overlies	Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation
Thickness	up to 460 m
Lithology
Primary	Shale, Mudstone
Other	Siltstone, Sandstone, Limestone, Ironstone
Location
Region	England
Country	UK

Weald Clay or the Weald Clay Formation is a Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rock underlying areas of South East England. It is part of the Wealden Group of rocks.^[1] The clay is named after the Weald, an area of Sussex and Kent. It varies from orange and grey in colour and is used in brickmaking.

The un-weathered form is blue/grey, and the yellow/orange is the weathered form; they have quite different physical properties. Blue looks superficially like a soft slate, is quite dry and hard and will support the weight of buildings quite easily.
Because it is quite impermeable, and so dry, it does not get broken by tree roots. It is typically found at 750mm down below a layer of yellow clay. Yellow, found on the surface, absorbs water quite readily so becomes very soft in the winter.

The two different types make quite different bricks.

Contents

• 
  1 Paleofauna
  


• 
  2 See also
  


• 
  3 Footnotes
  


• 
  4 References
  

Paleofauna

Dinosaurs reported from the Weald Clay
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Baryonyx	B. walkeri			Multiple partial skulls, one of which had an associated postcranial skeleton.[2]		Baryonyx
Horshamosaurus	H. rudgwickensis			"Vertebrae, partial fore and hindlimbs, osteoderms."[3]	An ankylosaur belonging to Polacanthinae. Originally named as a species of Polacanthus.[4]
Principiala[5]	P. rudgwickensis	Rudgwick Brickworks	Upper Weald Clay	Single partial fore-wing	An Ithonidae lacewing, the second in Principiala
Valdosaurus	V. canaliculatus[6]				An iguanodontian
Leptocleidus	L. superstes[7]			NHM R4828 (holotype)	Pliosauroid

See also

• 
  Earth sciences portal
  


• 
  Paleontology portal
  


• 
  Dinosaurs portal
  

• Wealden District


• London Clay


• Oxford Clay


• List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations

Footnotes

1. 
   ^ "Wealden Clay Formation". The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units. British Geological Survey. Retrieved 14 December 2014..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
   


2. 
   ^ "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 72.
   


3. 
   ^ "Table 17.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 367.
   


4. 
   ^ Blows, W.T., 2015, British Polacanthid Dinosaurs – Observations on the History and Palaeontology of the UK Polacanthid Armoured Dinosaurs and their Relatives, Siri Scientific Press, 220 pp.
   


5. 
   ^ Jepson, JE; Makarkin, VN; Jarzembowski, E (2009). "New lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera) from the Lower Cretaceous Wealden supergroup of Southern England". Cretaceous Research. 30: 1325–1338. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2009.07.012.
   


6. 
   ^ Galton, P.M., 2009, "Notes on Neocomian (Late Cretaceous) ornithopod dinosaurs from England - Hypsilophodon, Valdosaurus, "Camptosaurus", "Iguanodon" - and referred specimens from Romania and elsewhere", Revue de Paléobiologie 28(1): 211-273
   


7. 
   ^ "Reassessment of the Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) pliosauroid Leptocleidus superstes Andrews, 1922 and other plesiosaur remains from the nonmarine Wealden succession of southern England | Oxford Academic". academic.oup.com. Retrieved 2017-11-16.
   

References

• Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. 861 pp. 
  ISBN 0-520-24209-2.

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