邦苏猪笼草
























































































邦苏猪笼草

Nepenthes bongso 1.JPG
邦苏猪笼草刚打开的下位笼

保护状况



易危(IUCN 2.3)


科学分类 编辑
界:
植物界 Plantae
演化支:
被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支:
真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目:
石竹目 Caryophyllales
科:
猪笼草科 Nepenthaceae
属:
猪笼草属 Nepenthes

种:

邦苏猪笼草 N. bongso

二名法

Nepenthes bongso
Korth. (1839)[1]

Nepenthes bongso distribution.png
邦苏猪笼草的分布地

異名

同物异名




  • Nepenthes carunculata
    Danser (1928)


  • Nepenthes carunculata var. robusta
    Nerz & Wistuba (1994)


  • Nepenthes singalana
    auct. non Becc.: Tamin & M.Hotta in M.Hotta (1986)[2] [=N. bongso/N. densiflora?/
    N. gymnamphora/N. lavicola/
    N. singalana/N. spathulata
    ]



异物同名




  • Nepenthes bongso
    auct. non Korth.: Ridl. (1908)[3]
    [=N. alba]



  • Nepenthes bongso
    auct. non Korth.: Guillaum. (1911)
    [=N. vieillardii]



  • Nepenthes bongso
    auct. non Korth.: Danser (1928);[4]
    Sh.Kurata (1973)[5]
    [=N. bongso/N. ovata/N. talangensis]



  • Nepenthes bongso
    auct. non Korth.: Tamin & M.Hotta in M.Hotta (1986)[2]
    [=N. bongso/N. dubia/N. inermis]



  • Nepenthes bongso
    auct. non Korth.: Hopkins, Maulder & B.R.Salmon (1990)[6]
    [=N. talangensis]



  • Nepenthes bongso
    auct. non Korth.: Jebb & Cheek (1997);[7]
    Cheek & Jebb (2001)[8]
    [=N. bongso/N. talangensis]





邦苏猪笼草(学名:Nepenthes bongso)是苏门答腊特有的热带食虫植物,存在于海拔1000米至2700米处。[9][10][11]其种加词“bongso”来自于印度尼西亚神话中默拉皮火山的守护神“Putri Bungsu”,其字面意思为“最小的女儿”。[10]


邦苏猪笼草新开捕虫笼的颜色较浅,一段时间后唇即变为黑色,而笼身转为红褐色。某些变型的唇极宽大,可超过维奇猪笼草N. veitchii[9]


在食虫植物数据库中,分类学家简·斯洛尔(Jan Schlauer)认为容洪猪笼草N. junghuhnii可能是邦苏猪笼草的同物异名。[12]




目录






  • 1 植物学史


  • 2 相关物种


  • 3 自然杂交种


  • 4 注释


  • 5 参考文献


  • 6 扩展阅读





植物学史


彼得·威廉·科萨尔在他1839年发表的专著《关于猪笼草属》中正式描述了邦苏猪笼草。[1]


肉瘤猪笼草N. carunculata[注 1]被认为是邦苏猪笼草的一个同物异名。[7][8][10][13]1994年,约阿希姆·那兹和安德烈亚斯·维斯图巴描述了该类群的一个变种——强壮肉瘤猪笼草N. carunculata var. robusta[14]该类群的可变性极大,其唇宽大,平展。[14]



相关物种

































邦苏猪笼草、疑惑猪笼草、塔蓝山猪笼草和细猪笼草之间形态特征的差别(Nerz & Wistuba, 1994)
形态特征 邦苏猪笼草 疑惑猪笼草 塔蓝山猪笼草 细猪笼草
上位笼的形状 管状-漏斗形 下半部为管状,
上半部为漏斗形
下半部为管状至窄漏斗形,
上半部为卵形
宽漏斗形,在唇下略微收缩
笼盖 圆形 窄楔形 宽卵形 非常窄的椭圆形
上位笼的长宽比 3.3 1.9 2.3 1.75



邦苏猪笼草成熟的捕虫笼



自然杂交种


已发现了以下关于邦苏猪笼草的自然杂交种:




  • N. bongso × N. gymnamphora[10]


  • N. bongso × N. singalana[10]


  • N. bongso × N. talangensis[10]


在B·H·丹瑟1928年发表的著作《荷属东印度群岛的猪笼草科植物》中提到,他发现了邦苏猪笼草与梳状猪笼草的自然杂交种N. bongso × N. pectinata[4]但在12年后,B·H·丹瑟改变了自己的看法,将其描述为密花猪笼草N. densiflora



注释





  1. ^ 肉瘤猪笼草的种加词“carunculata”来源于拉丁文“caruncula”,意为“肉瘤”,指其种子具有的肉质附属物。




参考文献





  1. ^ 1.01.1 (荷兰文) Korthals, P.W. 1839. Over het geslacht Nepenthes. In: C.J. Temminck 1839–1842. Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen; Kruidkunde. Leiden. pp. 1–44, t. 1–4, 13–15, 20–22.


  2. ^ 2.02.1 (印尼文) Tamin, R. & M. Hotta 1986. Nepenthes di Sumatera: The genus Nepenthes of the Sumatra Island. In: M. Hotta (ed.) Diversity and Dynamics of Plant Life in Sumatra: Forest Ecosystem and Speciation in Wet Tropical Environments. Part 1: Reports and Collection of Papers. Kyoto University, Kyoto. pp. 75–109.


  3. ^ Ridley, H.N. 1908. Nepenthaceæ. [p. 320] In: On a collection of plants made by H. C. Robinson and L. Wray from Gunong Tahan, Pahang. The Journal of the Linnean Society: Botany 38(266): 301–336. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1908.tb02454.x


  4. ^ 4.04.1 Danser, B.H. 1928. 5. Nepenthes Bongso KORTH.. In: The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.


  5. ^ Kurata, S. 1973. Nepenthes from Borneo, Singapore and Sumatra. The Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 26(2): 227–232.


  6. ^ Hopkins, M., R. Maulder & B.[R.] Salmon 1990. A real nice trip to Southeast Asia.PDF (1.72 MiB) Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 19(1–2): 19–28.


  7. ^ 7.07.1 Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.


  8. ^ 8.08.1 Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. Flora Malesiana 15: 1–157.


  9. ^ 9.09.1 夏洛特. 食蟲植物觀賞&栽培圖鑑. 台北: 商周出版. 2007: 52–53. ISBN 978-986-124-850-9. 


  10. ^ 10.010.110.210.310.410.5 Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.


  11. ^ McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sumatra and Java. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.


  12. ^ Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes junghuhnii. Carnivorous Plant Database.


  13. ^ McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.


  14. ^ 14.014.1 Nerz, J. & A. Wistuba 1994. Five new taxa of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) from North and West Sumatra. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 23(4): 101–114.



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  • Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x


  • (拉丁文) Blume, C.L. 1852. Ord. Nepenthaceae. In: Museum Botanicum Lugduno-Batavum, sive stirpium exoticarum novarum vel minus cognitarum ex vivis aut siccis brevis expositio. Tom. II. Nr. 1. E.J. Brill, Lugduni-Batavorum. pp. 5–10.

  • Clarke, C.M. 2006. Introduction. In: Danser, B.H. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 1–15.

  • Clarke, C. & C.C. Lee 2012. A revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) from Gunung Tahan, Peninsular Malaysia. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 64(1): 33–49.

  • Hernawati & P. Akhriadi 2006. A Field Guide to the Nepenthes of Sumatra. PILI-NGO Movement, Bogor.

  • Kato, M., M. Hotta, R. Tamin & T. Itino 1993. Inter- and intra-specific variation in prey assemblages and inhabitant communities in Nepenthes pitchers in Sumatra. Tropical Zoology 6(1): 11–25. Abstract

  • Kurata, S. 1973. Nepenthes from Borneo, Singapore and Sumatra. The Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 26(2): 227–232.

  • Macfarlane, J.M. 1914. Family XCVI. Nepenthaceæ. [pp. 279–288] In: J.S. Gamble. Materials for a flora of the Malayan Peninsula, No. 24. Journal & Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 75(3): 279–391.


  • (印尼文) Mansur, M. 2001. Koleksi Nepenthes di Herbarium Bogoriense: prospeknya sebagai tanaman hias.PDF In: Prosiding Seminar Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor. pp. 244–253.

  • Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. Plant Biology 3(2): 164–175. doi:10.1055/s-2001-12897


  • (德文) Meimberg, H. 2002. Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l..PDF Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.

  • Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924676


  • (印尼文) Puspitaningtyas, D.M. & H. Wawangningrum 2007. Keanekaragaman Nepenthes di Suaka Alam Sulasih Talang - Sumatera Barat. [Nepenthes diversity in Sulasih Talang Nature Reserve - West Sumatra.] Biodiversitas 8(2): 152–156. Cover

  • Ridley, H.N. 1915. Nepenthaceæ. [pp. 168–169] In: XIII. The botany of Gunong Tahan, Pahang. Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums 6: 127–202.


  • Nepenthes bongso. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2006. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2000.  Listed as Vulnerable (VU B1+2e v2.3).

  • Shivas, R.G. 1984. Three Nepenthes from the Padang Highlands.PDF Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 13(1): 10–15.


  • (印尼文) Syamsuardi & R. Tamin 1994. Kajian kekerabatan jenis-jenis Nepenthes di Sumatera Barat. Project report, Andalas University, Padang. Abstract


  • (印尼文) Syamsuardi 1995. Klasifikasi numerik kantong semar (Nepenthes) di Sumatera Barat. [Numerical classification of pitcher plants (Nepenthes) in West Sumatra.] Journal Matematika dan Pengetahuan Alam 4(1): 48–57. Abstract




扩展阅读





  • 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中邦苏猪笼草的照片

  • 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中强壮肉瘤猪笼草的照片


維基共享資源中有關邦苏猪笼草的多媒體資源
維基物種中有關邦苏猪笼草的數據






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