印度豬籠草























































































印度豬籠草

Nepenthes khasiana.jpg

保护状况



瀕危（IUCN 3.1）[1]


科学分类 编辑
界：
植物界 Plantae
演化支：
被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：
真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目：
石竹目 Caryophyllales
科：
猪笼草科 Nepenthaceae
属：
猪笼草属 Nepenthes

种：
印度豬籠草 N. khasiana

二名法

Nepenthes khasiana
Hook.f. (1873)[2]

Nepenthes khasiana distribution.jpg
印度猪笼草的分布地

異名



  • Nepenthes distillatoria
    auct. non L.: R.Grah. (1827)


  • Nepenthes melamphora
    auct. non Reinw. ex Blume: Hook.f. (1859)
    [=N. gymnamphora/N. khasiana]


  • Nepenthes phyllamphora
    auct. non Willd.: Regel (1881)
    [=N. khasiana/N. mirabilis]


  • Nepenthes phyllamphora
    auct. non Willd.: Sims (1826)


  • Nepenthes rubra
    Hort.Van Houtte ex Rafarin (1869)




印度豬籠草[3]（学名：Nepenthes khasiana），又名卡西豬籠草，是印度特有的热带食虫植物。[3]其种加词来源于卡西丘陵。其被认为是以其蓝色的荧光来吸引猎物的。[4]


印度豬籠草分布局限，在野外非常罕见。仅存在于嘉润地区（Jarain）的贾因蒂亚丘陵（Jaintia Hills）及巴马拉地区（Baghmara）的加罗丘陵，其与梅加拉亚邦的卡西丘陵相邻。[5]


卡西人稱其為“tiew-rakot”，意为“恶魔之花”或“吞噬植物”，贾因蒂亚人稱其為“kset phare”，意为“有盖的捕蝇网”。加罗人则称其为“memang-koksi”，意为“恶魔的篮子”。[6]


印度豬籠草与马来王猪笼草（N. rajah）一起被列入《瀕危野生動植物種國際貿易公約》的附錄一中。
2010年，珍稀猪笼草采集（Rare Nepenthes Collection）项目成立，以保护4种极其濒危的猪笼草属物种：马兜铃猪笼草（N. aristolochioides）、圆盾猪笼草（N. clipeata）、印度猪笼草和硬叶猪笼草（N. rigidifolia）。[7][8][9]


印度猪笼草的种加词在一些早先的文章中写为“khasyana”。[10][11]这种写法在约瑟夫·道尔顿·胡克1873年的专著《猪笼草》中就已出现了[2]，之后又出现于马克斯韦尔·T·马斯特斯在1872年4月20日《园丁纪事与农业公报》的文章中[11]。在19世纪后期的园艺贸易中，印度猪笼草常与滴液猪笼草（N. distillatoria）混淆。[11][12][13][14]






  • 印度猪笼草的中位笼







  • 印度猪笼草的上位笼






參考文献





  1. ^ Appendices I, II and III. CITES.


  2. ^ 2.02.1 （拉丁文） Hooker, J.D. 1873. Ordo CLXXV bis. Nepenthaceæ. In: A. de Candolle Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 17: 90–105.


  3. ^ 3.03.1 夏洛特. 食蟲植物觀賞&栽培圖鑑. 台北: 商周出版. 2007: 58. ISBN 978-986-124-850-9. 


  4. ^ Kurup, R., A.J. Johnson, S. Sankar, A.A. Hussain, C.S. Kumar & S. Baby 2013. Fluorescent prey traps in carnivorous plants. Plant Biology 15(3): 611–615. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00709.x


  5. ^ Bhau, B.S., K. Medhi, T. Sarkar & S.P. Saikia 2009. PCR based molecular characterization of Nepenthes khasiana Hook. f.—pitcher plant. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 56(8): 1183–1193. doi:10.1007/s10722-009-9444-0


  6. ^ Flora of Meghalaya 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2007-12-25. National Informatics Centre, Meghalaya State Centre.


  7. ^ Ziemer, B. 2010. Exciting conservation news: the Rare Nepenthes Collection project! Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 39(3): 67.


  8. ^ Nepenthes clipeata. Ark of Life.


  9. ^ Bourke, G. 2010. A new conservation initiative: the Rare Nepenthes Collection project.PDF Captive Exotics Newsletter 1(2): 5–6.


  10. ^ Moore, D. 1872. On the culture of Nepenthes at Glasnevin. The Gardeners' Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette 1872(11): 359–360.


  11. ^ 11.011.111.2 Masters, M.T. 1872. The cultivated species of Nepenthes. The Gardeners' Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette 1872(16): 540–542.


  12. ^ Masters, M.T. 1881. New garden plants. Nepenthes Mastersiana×, Hort. Veitch. The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 16(415): 748–749.


  13. ^ Masters, M.T. 1882. New garden plants. Nepenthes rubro-maculata×, Hort. Veitch. The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 17(423): 143.


  14. ^ Dixon, W.E. 1889. Nepenthes. The Gardeners' Chronicle, series 3, 6(144): 354.



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  • Ahmed, M. 2010. Nepenthes khasiana Hook. f. (Endemic). In: Medicinal Plants. MJP Publishers, Chennai.

  • Bahadur, V., K.S. Kirad, A. Mathew & D.B. Singh 2008. Tissue culture studies in Nepenthes khasiana. Acta Horticulturae (ISHS) 786: 287–293.

  • Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x

  • Bordoloi, R.P.M. 1977. The Pitcher Plant: Nepenthes khasiana. Carnivorous plants of North East India I. Dutta Baruah, Gauhati.

  • Brown, J. 2013. Nepenthes khasiana's chitin-induced pitcher liquid: a potential treatment for opportunistic fungal infection. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 42(2): 62–65.

  • Eilenberg, H., S. Pnini-Cohen, S. Schuster, A. Movtchan & A. Zilberstein 2006. Isolation and characterization of chitinase genes from pitchers of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes khasiana. Journal of Experimental Botany 57(11): 2775–2784. doi:10.1093/jxb/erl048

  • Eilenberg, H., S. Pnini-Cohen, Y. Rahamim, E. Sionov, E. Segal, S. Carmeli & A. Zilberstein 2010. Induced production of antifungal naphthoquinones in the pitchers of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes khasiana. Journal of Experimental Botany 61(3): 911–922. doi:10.1093/jxb/erp359

  • Jain, S.K. & A.K. Baishya 1977. Nepenthes khasiana: an endangered species. Hornbill: 17–18.

  • Jebb, M. & Cheek, M. 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.

  • Joseph, J. & K.M. Joseph 1986. Insectivorous Plants of Khasi and Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya, India: A Preliminary Survey. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.

  • Latha, P.G. & S. Seeni 1994. Multiplication of the endangered Indian pitcher plant (Nepenthes khasiana) through enhanced axillary branching in vitro. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 38(1): 69–71. doi:10.1007/BF00034447

  • Mandal, B. & A. Mukherjee 2011. Nepenthes khasiana: the pitcher plant needs attention for conservation.PDF Current Science 100(6): 807.

  • Mao, A.A. & P. Kharbuli 2002. Distribution and status of Nepenthes khasiana Hook. f.—a rare endemic pitcher plant of Meghalaya, India. Phytotaxonomy 2: 77–83.

  • Mao, A.A. & R.A. Ranyaphi 2007. Seed viability studies in Nepenthes khasiana Hook.f.: comparison of in vivo and in vitro seed germination. In: Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49(1–4): 1–246.

  • Meimberg, H., P. Dittrich, G. Bringmann, J. Schlauer & G. Heubl 2000. Molecular phylogeny of Caryophyllidae s.l. based on matK sequences with special emphasis on carnivorous taxa. Plant Biology 2(2): 218–228. doi:10.1055/s-2000-9460

  • Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. Plant Biology 3(2): 164–175. doi:10.1055/s-2001-12897


  • （德文） Meimberg, H. 2002. Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l..PDF Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.

  • Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924676

  • Mukerjee, A., D.P. Dam & N. Dam 1984. Pitcher plant—an ornamental climber of Meghalaya. Ind. Hort. April–June 1: 6–18.

  • Raj, G., R. Kurup, A.A. Hussain & S. Baby 2011. Distribution of naphthoquinones, plumbagin, droserone, and 5-O-methyl droserone in chitin-induced and uninduced Nepenthes khasiana: molecular events in prey capture. Journal of Experimental Botany 62(15): 5429–5436. doi:10.1093/jxb/err219

  • Rao, T.A., P.G. Shanware & G.N. Tribedi 1969. A note on the pitcher plant habitat in Assam. Indian Forester 95(9): 611–613.

  • Renner, T. & C.D. Specht 2012. Molecular and functional evolution of class I chitinases for plant carnivory in the Caryophyllales. Molecular Biology and Evolution 29(10): 2971–2985. doi:10.1093/molbev/mss106

  • Riedel, M., A. Eichner, H. Meimberg & R. Jetter 2007. Chemical composition of epicuticular wax crystals on the slippery zone in pitchers of five Nepenthes species and hybrids. Planta 225(6): 1517–1534. doi:10.1007/s00425-006-0437-3

  • Shil, D., J.P. Mohanty, T. Das, N.R. Bhuyan, T. Uriah & T.S.M. Saleem 2010. Protective role of pitcher of Nepenthes khasiana Hook against dexamethazone induced hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance in rats. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 1(2): 195–198.

  • Shil, D., T.S.M. Saleem, P. Deb & M. Basak 2010. The effect of leaf of Nepenthes khasiana Hook on dexamethazone induced diabetes mellitus.PDF Global Journal of Pharmacology 4(2): 62–65.

  • Slack, A. 1979. Nepenthes khasiana. In: Carnivorous Plants. Ebury Press, London. p. 86.

  • Subramanyam, K. & L.L. Narayana 1971. A contribution to the floral anatomy of Nepenthes khasiana Hook f.. Proceedings: Plant Sciences 73(3): 124–131. doi:10.1007/BF03045312


  • （俄文） Vassilyev, A.E. 2006. Ультраструктура и субклеточные механизмы функционирования пищеварительных железок плотоядного растения Nepenthes khasiana (Nepenthaceae). Botanicheskii Zhurnal 91(12): 1883–1891.


  • （俄文） Vassilyev, A.E. & L.E. Muravnik 2007. Нектарники крышки в закрытых кувшинах Nepenthes khasiana (Nepenthaceae) секретируют пищеварительную жидкость. Botanicheskii Zhurnal 92(8): 1141–1144.


  • （俄文） Vassilyev, A.E. 2007. Нектарники перистома в закрытых кувшинах Nepenthes khasiana (Nepenthaceae) секретируют полисахаридную слизь. Botanicheskii Zhurnal 92(10): 1554–1568.

  • Venugopal, N. & N.R. Devi 2003. Development of the anther in Nepenthes khasiana Hook.f. (Nepenthaceae), an endemic and endangered insectivorous plant of North East India. Feddes Repertorium 114(1–2): 69–73. doi:10.1002/fedr.200390018

  • Warwicker, M. 2013. Carnivorous plant species glow blue to lure prey. BBC Nature News, February 19, 2013.

  • [Research and Development Centre, Flower Valley Agro-Tech] 2005. Nepenthes khasiana. In: Handbook of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants of North East India. Spectrum Publications, Guwahati.


  • From Carnivorous Plants to the Medicine Cabinet? American Friends of Tel Aviv University, February 18, 2010.




扩展阅读





  • 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中印度猪笼草的照片

  • 其原生地的视频


維基共享資源中有關印度猪笼草的多媒體資源
維基物種中有關印度猪笼草的數據













  • 查

  • 论

  • 编



猪笼草属 Nepenthes （列表）


















猪笼草属物种列表 • 豬籠草屬物種分佈地區列表 • 猪笼草属自然杂交种列表 • 猪笼草属栽培种列表 • 猪笼草属文献列表 • 猪笼草内生微生物列表 • 猪笼草属分类学 • 猪笼草底内动物 • 猪笼草蛋白酶 • 猪笼草目



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