印度豬籠草























































































印度豬籠草

Nepenthes khasiana.jpg

保护状况



瀕危（IUCN 3.1）[1]


科学分类 编辑
界：
植物界 Plantae
演化支：
被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：
真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目：
石竹目 Caryophyllales
科：
猪笼草科 Nepenthaceae
属：
猪笼草属 Nepenthes

种：
印度豬籠草 N. khasiana

二名法

Nepenthes khasiana
Hook.f. (1873)[2]

Nepenthes khasiana distribution.jpg
印度猪笼草的分布地

異名



  • Nepenthes distillatoria
    auct. non L.: R.Grah. (1827)


  • Nepenthes melamphora
    auct. non Reinw. ex Blume: Hook.f. (1859)
    [=N. gymnamphora/N. khasiana]


  • Nepenthes phyllamphora
    auct. non Willd.: Regel (1881)
    [=N. khasiana/N. mirabilis]


  • Nepenthes phyllamphora
    auct. non Willd.: Sims (1826)


  • Nepenthes rubra
    Hort.Van Houtte ex Rafarin (1869)




印度豬籠草[3]（学名：Nepenthes khasiana），又名卡西豬籠草，是印度特有的热带食虫植物。[3]其种加词来源于卡西丘陵。其被认为是以其蓝色的荧光来吸引猎物的。[4]


印度豬籠草分布局限，在野外非常罕见。仅存在于嘉润地区（Jarain）的贾因蒂亚丘陵（Jaintia Hills）及巴马拉地区（Baghmara）的加罗丘陵，其与梅加拉亚邦的卡西丘陵相邻。[5]


卡西人稱其為“tiew-rakot”，意为“恶魔之花”或“吞噬植物”，贾因蒂亚人稱其為“kset phare”，意为“有盖的捕蝇网”。加罗人则称其为“memang-koksi”，意为“恶魔的篮子”。[6]


印度豬籠草与马来王猪笼草（N. rajah）一起被列入《瀕危野生動植物種國際貿易公約》的附錄一中。
2010年，珍稀猪笼草采集（Rare Nepenthes Collection）项目成立，以保护4种极其濒危的猪笼草属物种：马兜铃猪笼草（N. aristolochioides）、圆盾猪笼草（N. clipeata）、印度猪笼草和硬叶猪笼草（N. rigidifolia）。[7][8][9]


印度猪笼草的种加词在一些早先的文章中写为“khasyana”。[10][11]这种写法在约瑟夫·道尔顿·胡克1873年的专著《猪笼草》中就已出现了[2]，之后又出现于马克斯韦尔·T·马斯特斯在1872年4月20日《园丁纪事与农业公报》的文章中[11]。在19世纪后期的园艺贸易中，印度猪笼草常与滴液猪笼草（N. distillatoria）混淆。[11][12][13][14]






  • 印度猪笼草的中位笼







  • 印度猪笼草的上位笼






參考文献





  1. ^ Appendices I, II and III. CITES.


  2. ^ 2.02.1 （拉丁文） Hooker, J.D. 1873. Ordo CLXXV bis. Nepenthaceæ. In: A. de Candolle Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 17: 90–105.


  3. ^ 3.03.1 夏洛特. 食蟲植物觀賞&栽培圖鑑. 台北: 商周出版. 2007: 58. ISBN 978-986-124-850-9. 


  4. ^ Kurup, R., A.J. Johnson, S. Sankar, A.A. Hussain, C.S. Kumar & S. Baby 2013. Fluorescent prey traps in carnivorous plants. Plant Biology 15(3): 611–615. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00709.x


  5. ^ Bhau, B.S., K. Medhi, T. Sarkar & S.P. Saikia 2009. PCR based molecular characterization of Nepenthes khasiana Hook. f.—pitcher plant. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 56(8): 1183–1193. doi:10.1007/s10722-009-9444-0


  6. ^ Flora of Meghalaya 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2007-12-25. National Informatics Centre, Meghalaya State Centre.


  7. ^ Ziemer, B. 2010. Exciting conservation news: the Rare Nepenthes Collection project! Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 39(3): 67.


  8. ^ Nepenthes clipeata. Ark of Life.


  9. ^ Bourke, G. 2010. A new conservation initiative: the Rare Nepenthes Collection project.PDF Captive Exotics Newsletter 1(2): 5–6.


  10. ^ Moore, D. 1872. On the culture of Nepenthes at Glasnevin. The Gardeners' Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette 1872(11): 359–360.


  11. ^ 11.011.111.2 Masters, M.T. 1872. The cultivated species of Nepenthes. The Gardeners' Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette 1872(16): 540–542.


  12. ^ Masters, M.T. 1881. New garden plants. Nepenthes Mastersiana×, Hort. Veitch. The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 16(415): 748–749.


  13. ^ Masters, M.T. 1882. New garden plants. Nepenthes rubro-maculata×, Hort. Veitch. The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 17(423): 143.


  14. ^ Dixon, W.E. 1889. Nepenthes. The Gardeners' Chronicle, series 3, 6(144): 354.



.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}


  • Ahmed, M. 2010. Nepenthes khasiana Hook. f. (Endemic). In: Medicinal Plants. MJP Publishers, Chennai.

  • Bahadur, V., K.S. Kirad, A. Mathew & D.B. Singh 2008. Tissue culture studies in Nepenthes khasiana. Acta Horticulturae (ISHS) 786: 287–293.

  • Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x

  • Bordoloi, R.P.M. 1977. The Pitcher Plant: Nepenthes khasiana. Carnivorous plants of North East India I. Dutta Baruah, Gauhati.

  • Brown, J. 2013. Nepenthes khasiana's chitin-induced pitcher liquid: a potential treatment for opportunistic fungal infection. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 42(2): 62–65.

  • Eilenberg, H., S. Pnini-Cohen, S. Schuster, A. Movtchan & A. Zilberstein 2006. Isolation and characterization of chitinase genes from pitchers of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes khasiana. Journal of Experimental Botany 57(11): 2775–2784. doi:10.1093/jxb/erl048

  • Eilenberg, H., S. Pnini-Cohen, Y. Rahamim, E. Sionov, E. Segal, S. Carmeli & A. Zilberstein 2010. Induced production of antifungal naphthoquinones in the pitchers of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes khasiana. Journal of Experimental Botany 61(3): 911–922. doi:10.1093/jxb/erp359

  • Jain, S.K. & A.K. Baishya 1977. Nepenthes khasiana: an endangered species. Hornbill: 17–18.

  • Jebb, M. & Cheek, M. 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.

  • Joseph, J. & K.M. Joseph 1986. Insectivorous Plants of Khasi and Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya, India: A Preliminary Survey. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.

  • Latha, P.G. & S. Seeni 1994. Multiplication of the endangered Indian pitcher plant (Nepenthes khasiana) through enhanced axillary branching in vitro. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 38(1): 69–71. doi:10.1007/BF00034447

  • Mandal, B. & A. Mukherjee 2011. Nepenthes khasiana: the pitcher plant needs attention for conservation.PDF Current Science 100(6): 807.

  • Mao, A.A. & P. Kharbuli 2002. Distribution and status of Nepenthes khasiana Hook. f.—a rare endemic pitcher plant of Meghalaya, India. Phytotaxonomy 2: 77–83.

  • Mao, A.A. & R.A. Ranyaphi 2007. Seed viability studies in Nepenthes khasiana Hook.f.: comparison of in vivo and in vitro seed germination. In: Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49(1–4): 1–246.

  • Meimberg, H., P. Dittrich, G. Bringmann, J. Schlauer & G. Heubl 2000. Molecular phylogeny of Caryophyllidae s.l. based on matK sequences with special emphasis on carnivorous taxa. Plant Biology 2(2): 218–228. doi:10.1055/s-2000-9460

  • Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. Plant Biology 3(2): 164–175. doi:10.1055/s-2001-12897


  • （德文） Meimberg, H. 2002. Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l..PDF Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.

  • Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924676

  • Mukerjee, A., D.P. Dam & N. Dam 1984. Pitcher plant—an ornamental climber of Meghalaya. Ind. Hort. April–June 1: 6–18.

  • Raj, G., R. Kurup, A.A. Hussain & S. Baby 2011. Distribution of naphthoquinones, plumbagin, droserone, and 5-O-methyl droserone in chitin-induced and uninduced Nepenthes khasiana: molecular events in prey capture. Journal of Experimental Botany 62(15): 5429–5436. doi:10.1093/jxb/err219

  • Rao, T.A., P.G. Shanware & G.N. Tribedi 1969. A note on the pitcher plant habitat in Assam. Indian Forester 95(9): 611–613.

  • Renner, T. & C.D. Specht 2012. Molecular and functional evolution of class I chitinases for plant carnivory in the Caryophyllales. Molecular Biology and Evolution 29(10): 2971–2985. doi:10.1093/molbev/mss106

  • Riedel, M., A. Eichner, H. Meimberg & R. Jetter 2007. Chemical composition of epicuticular wax crystals on the slippery zone in pitchers of five Nepenthes species and hybrids. Planta 225(6): 1517–1534. doi:10.1007/s00425-006-0437-3

  • Shil, D., J.P. Mohanty, T. Das, N.R. Bhuyan, T. Uriah & T.S.M. Saleem 2010. Protective role of pitcher of Nepenthes khasiana Hook against dexamethazone induced hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance in rats. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 1(2): 195–198.

  • Shil, D., T.S.M. Saleem, P. Deb & M. Basak 2010. The effect of leaf of Nepenthes khasiana Hook on dexamethazone induced diabetes mellitus.PDF Global Journal of Pharmacology 4(2): 62–65.

  • Slack, A. 1979. Nepenthes khasiana. In: Carnivorous Plants. Ebury Press, London. p. 86.

  • Subramanyam, K. & L.L. Narayana 1971. A contribution to the floral anatomy of Nepenthes khasiana Hook f.. Proceedings: Plant Sciences 73(3): 124–131. doi:10.1007/BF03045312


  • （俄文） Vassilyev, A.E. 2006. Ультраструктура и субклеточные механизмы функционирования пищеварительных железок плотоядного растения Nepenthes khasiana (Nepenthaceae). Botanicheskii Zhurnal 91(12): 1883–1891.


  • （俄文） Vassilyev, A.E. & L.E. Muravnik 2007. Нектарники крышки в закрытых кувшинах Nepenthes khasiana (Nepenthaceae) секретируют пищеварительную жидкость. Botanicheskii Zhurnal 92(8): 1141–1144.


  • （俄文） Vassilyev, A.E. 2007. Нектарники перистома в закрытых кувшинах Nepenthes khasiana (Nepenthaceae) секретируют полисахаридную слизь. Botanicheskii Zhurnal 92(10): 1554–1568.

  • Venugopal, N. & N.R. Devi 2003. Development of the anther in Nepenthes khasiana Hook.f. (Nepenthaceae), an endemic and endangered insectivorous plant of North East India. Feddes Repertorium 114(1–2): 69–73. doi:10.1002/fedr.200390018

  • Warwicker, M. 2013. Carnivorous plant species glow blue to lure prey. BBC Nature News, February 19, 2013.

  • [Research and Development Centre, Flower Valley Agro-Tech] 2005. Nepenthes khasiana. In: Handbook of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants of North East India. Spectrum Publications, Guwahati.


  • From Carnivorous Plants to the Medicine Cabinet? American Friends of Tel Aviv University, February 18, 2010.




扩展阅读





  • 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中印度猪笼草的照片

  • 其原生地的视频


維基共享資源中有關印度猪笼草的多媒體資源
維基物種中有關印度猪笼草的數據













  • 查

  • 论

  • 编



猪笼草属 Nepenthes （列表）


















猪笼草属物种列表 • 豬籠草屬物種分佈地區列表 • 猪笼草属自然杂交种列表 • 猪笼草属栽培种列表 • 猪笼草属文献列表 • 猪笼草内生微生物列表 • 猪笼草属分类学 • 猪笼草底内动物 • 猪笼草蛋白酶 • 猪笼草目



Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Information security

Image
This article is part of a series on Information security Related security categories Internet security Cyberwarfare Computer security Mobile security Network security Threats Computer crime Vulnerability Eavesdropping Malware Spyware Ransomware Trojans Viruses Worms Rootkits Bootkits Keyloggers Screen scrapers Exploits Backdoors Logic bombs Payloads Denial of service Defenses Computer access control Application security Antivirus software Secure coding Secure by default Secure by design Secure operating systems Authentication Multi-factor authentication Authorization Data-centric security Encryption Firewall Intrusion detection system Mobile secure gateway Runtime application self-protection (RASP) v t e Information security , sometimes shortened to InfoSec , is the practice of preventing unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, inspection, recording or destruction of information. Th...
Read more

Lambak Kiri

Image
For Lambak Kiri public housing area, see Lambak Kiri Landless Indigenous Citizens' Housing Scheme. Village in Brunei-Muara, Brunei Lambak Kiri Village Location in Brunei Coordinates: 4°59′26″N 114°57′04″E  /  4.990472°N 114.951114°E  / 4.990472; 114.951114 Coordinates: 4°59′26″N 114°57′04″E  /  4.990472°N 114.951114°E  / 4.990472; 114.951114 Country Brunei District Brunei-Muara Mukim Berakas A Government  • Village head Hamdani Omar Postcode BB1214 Lambak Kiri is a populated place in Brunei-Muara District, Brunei. It is officially a village subdivision under Berakas A, a mukim in the district. Lambak Kiri may also refer to the greater area which includes the Lambak Kiri public housing area of the Landless Indigenous Citizens' Housing Scheme (Malay: Skim Tanah Kurnia Rakyat Jati ), although the latter is a separate subdivision. Contents 1 Name 2 Administration 3 See also 4 References Name ...
Read more

章鱼与海女图

Image
本条目 可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充 。 （2014/5/25） 若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助参考外语维基扩充条目。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依版权协议，译文需在编辑摘要注明来源，或于讨论页顶部标记 {{Translated page}} 标签。 本条目 需要擴充。 （2013年8月15日） 请協助改善这篇條目，更進一步的信息可能會在討論頁或扩充请求中找到。请在擴充條目後將此模板移除。 《 章鱼与海女 》（日语： 蛸と海女 ／ たことあま   Tako to ama ）是一幅由日本畫家葛饰北斋创作的浮世绘，出自1814年（文化4年）出版的艳本《喜能会之故真通》（日语： 喜能会之故真通 ／ きのえのこまつ   Kinoe no Komatsu ）。畫中有兩隻章鱼以觸手攻擊一名採珠的海女，並進行擬似戀獸癖的交媾行為。作品尺寸为6½" × 8¾" （16.51 cm × 22.23 cm）。 [1] 在此之前的类似作品还有北尾重政的艳本《謡曲色番組》及勝川春潮的艳本《艳本千夜多女志》等，有被北斋作为参考的可能性。 《章鱼与海女图》有不同英文翻译，一般称The Dream of the Fisherman's Wife，又作Girl Diver and Octopi、Diver and Two Octopi，Richard Douglas Lane称其为 Girl Diver and Octopi [2] ，Mathi Forrer 称其为 Pearl Diver and Two Octopi [3] ，Danielle Talerico 称其为 Diver and Two Octopi 。 [4] 目录 1 作品介绍 1.1 画中对话 1.2 解释 2 评价 3 影响 3.1 模仿作品 4 另见 5 参考来源 6 外部連結 作品介绍 画中对话 原文 译文 大蛸： いつぞハいつぞハとねらいすましてゐたかいがあつて、けふといふけふ、とうとうとらまへたア。てもむつくりとしたいいぼぼだ。いもよりハなをこうぶつだ。サアサア、すつてすつてすいつくして...
Read more