滴液猪笼草
























































































滴液猪笼草

Nepenthes distillatoria 2.jpg
产自斯里兰卡辛哈拉加森林保护区的滴液猪笼草的上位笼

保护状况



易危(IUCN 2.3)[1]


科学分类 编辑
界:
植物界 Plantae
演化支:
被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支:
真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目:
石竹目 Caryophyllales
科:
猪笼草科 Nepenthaceae
属:
猪笼草属 Nepenthes

种:

滴液猪笼草 N. distillatoria

二名法

Nepenthes distillatoria
L., 1753

Nepenthes distillatoria distribution.png
滴液猪笼草的分布地

異名






滴液猪笼草(学名:Nepenthes distillatoria)是斯里兰卡特有的的热带食虫植物。其为第二个被描述的猪笼草属物种,并且是首个正式命名于林奈分类法下的猪笼草属物种。其还为猪笼草属的模式种。其种加词“distillatoria”来源于拉丁文“destillo”和形容词词尾“-oria”,意为“提取的、蒸馏的”。




目录






  • 1 植物学史


  • 2 生态关系


  • 3 种下类群


  • 4 注释


  • 5 参考文献


  • 6 扩展阅读





植物学史


滴液猪笼草是自马达加斯加猪笼草N. madagascariensis之后第二个被描述的猪笼草属物种。1677年,丹麦医生托马斯·巴托林(Thomas Bartholin)简要的描述了它,并将其命名为“Miranda herba”,意为“奇妙的药草”。[12]三年后,荷兰商人雅各布·布雷纳(Jacob Breyne)依当地俗名将其命名为“Bandura zingalensium”。[11]随后“Bandura”便成为了之后指代猪笼草最常用的名字,直至1737年,卡尔·林奈建立了猪笼草属。 [14]




1838年,约瑟夫·帕克斯顿《植物学杂志》Magazine of Botany中描绘的滴液猪笼草[15]


1683年,瑞典医生及博物学家赫尔曼·尼克拉斯·格里姆(Herman Niklas Grim.[13]再次描述了滴液猪笼草。[16]他将其称为“奇异的滴液植物Planta mirabilis destillatoria”。这是第一次有人清楚的描述了猪笼草。[14]三年后,即1686年,英国博物学家约翰·雷援引格林的话说:[注 1][9]







1753年,卡尔·林奈使用H·N·格林原种加词命名了滴液猪笼草。


1737年,约翰内斯·布尔曼(Johannes Burmann)再次在其著作《Thesaurus Zeylanicus》中对滴液猪笼草进行了描述。文中包括一幅带捕虫笼和花序枝条的插图。布尔曼将滴液猪笼草命名为“Bandura zeylanica”。[10]


19世纪后期的园艺贸易中,滴液猪笼草也常与印度猪笼草N. khasiana混淆。[17][18][19][20]



生态关系


滴液猪笼草是斯里兰卡特有的物种,也是唯一分布于该岛的猪笼草属物种。其生长于河堤或森林里浸水的开阔灌木丛中。滴液猪笼草存在于海拔0至700米处。[1]


由于地理隔离,尚未发现滴液猪笼草的自然杂交种。



种下类群


已有三个滴液猪笼草种下类群的描述,但其名称都不是有效的:




  • Nepenthes distillatoria var. rubra (Nichols.) Hort.Veitch ex Lindsay (1891)


  • Nepenthes distillatoria var. speciosa Hort.Van Houtte ex Rafarin (1869)


  • Nepenthes distillatoria var. vera D.Moore (1872)[21]



注释





  1. ^ 约翰·雷叙述的原文:









参考文献





  1. ^ 1.01.1 Nepenthes distillatoria. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2006. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2000.  Listed as Vulnerable (VU B1+2d v2.3).


  2. ^ (法文) Brongniart, A. 1824. Observations sur les genres Cytinus et Nepenthes. Annales des Sciences Naturelles 1: 29–52.


  3. ^ 3.03.1 (德文) Beck, G. 1895. Die Gattung Nepenthes. Wiener Illustrirte Garten-Zeitung 20(3–6): 96–107, 141–150, 182–192, 217–229.


  4. ^ Danser, B.H. 1928. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.


  5. ^ Smith, W.G. 1882. New garden plants. Nepenthes hirsuta var. glabrescens. The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 17(430): 398–399.


  6. ^ [Anonymous] 1877. Reports of Societies. Royal Horticultural. The Gardeners' Chronicle 8(197): 441.


  7. ^ (拉丁文) Hermann, H. 1726. Badura. In: Musaeum Zeylanicum, sive catalogus plantarum, in Zeylana Sponte Nascentium, observatarum & descriptarum. D. vander Vecht, Lugduni Batavorum. p. 16.


  8. ^ (拉丁文) Hermann, H. 1726. Bandura. In: Musaeum Zeylanicum, sive catalogus plantarum, in Zeylana Sponte Nascentium, observatarum & descriptarum. D. vander Vecht, Lugduni Batavorum. p. 37.


  9. ^ 9.09.1 Ray, J. 1686. Bandura cingalensium etc. Historia Plantarum 1: 721–722.


  10. ^ 10.010.1 Burmann, J. 1737. Thesaurus Zeylanicus. Amsterdam.


  11. ^ 11.011.1 Breyne, J. 1680. Bandura zingalensium etc. Prodromus Fasciculi Rariorum Plantarum 1: 18.


  12. ^ 12.012.1 Bartholinus, T. 1677. Miranda herba. Acta Medica et Philosophica Hafniensa 3: 38.


  13. ^ 13.013.1 Grimm, H.N. 1683. Planta mirabilis destillatoria. In: Miscellanea curiosa sive Ephemeridum. Med. Phys. Germ. Acad. Nat. Cur. Decuriae 2, ann. prim. p. 363, f. 27.


  14. ^ 14.014.114.2 Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. Pitcher-Plants of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.


  15. ^ Paxton, J. 1838. Nepenthes distillatoria. Paxton's Magazine of Botany 4: 1–4.


  16. ^ Grimm, H.N. 1683. Planta mirabilis destillatoria. In: Miscellanea curiosa sive Ephemeridum. Med. Phys. Germ. Acad. Nat. Cur. Decuriae 2, ann. prim. p. 363, f. 27.


  17. ^ Masters, M.T. 1872. The cultivated species of Nepenthes. The Gardeners' Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette 1872(16): 540–542.


  18. ^ Masters, M.T. 1881. New garden plants. Nepenthes Mastersiana×, Hort. Veitch. The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 16(415): 748–749.


  19. ^ Masters, M.T. 1882. New garden plants. Nepenthes rubro-maculata×, Hort. Veitch. The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 17(423): 143.


  20. ^ Dixon, W.E. 1889. Nepenthes. The Gardeners' Chronicle, series 3, 6(144): 354.


  21. ^ Moore, D. 1872. On the culture of Nepenthes at Glasnevin. The Gardeners' Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette 1872(11): 359–360.



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  • [Anonymous] 1881. Messrs. Veitch's Nepenthes-house. The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 16(410): 598–599.

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  • (拉丁文) Blume, C.L. 1852. Ord. Nepenthaceae. In: Museum Botanicum Lugduno-Batavum, sive stirpium exoticarum novarum vel minus cognitarum ex vivis aut siccis brevis expositio. Tom. II. Nr. 1. E.J. Brill, Lugduni-Batavorum. pp. 5–10.

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  • Hooker, J.D. 1859. XXXV. On the origin and development of the pitchers of Nepenthes, with an account of some new Bornean plants of that genus. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 22(4): 415–424. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1856.tb00113.x

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扩展阅读




  • 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中滴液猪笼草的照片

維基共享資源中有關滴液猪笼草的多媒體資源
維基物種中有關滴液猪笼草的數據






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