180th meridian




"Anti-Meridian" redirects here. For the Brave Saint Saturn album, see Anti-Meridian (album).

Not to be confused with ante meridiem (AM), the time before midday, for which see 12-hour clock.


A map of the Earth with the Pacific Ocean in the centre, with a vertical red line running the full height just west of the Bering Strait and east of New Zealand.

180th meridian on a map of Earth.






Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap 

Download coordinates as: KML · GPX



The International Date Line zigzags around the 180th Meridian.


The 180th meridian or antimeridian[1] is the meridian 180° both east and west of the Prime Meridian, with which it forms a great circle dividing the earth into the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. It is common to both east longitude and west longitude. It mostly passes through the open waters of the Pacific Ocean, but passes across land in Russia, Fiji and Antarctica. This meridian is used as the basis for the International Date Line, but the latter deviates from it to maintain date consistency within the territories of Russia, USA, Kiribati, Fiji and New Zealand.


Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 180th meridian passes through:































































Co-ordinates
(approximate)
 Country, territory or sea
 Notes

90°0′N 180°0′E / 90.000°N 180.000°E / 90.000; 180.000 (Arctic Ocean)
Arctic Ocean

71°32′N 180°0′E / 71.533°N 180.000°E / 71.533; 180.000 (Russia)
 Russia
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug — Wrangel Island

70°58′N 180°0′E / 70.967°N 180.000°E / 70.967; 180.000 (Chukchi Sea)
Chukchi Sea

68°59′N 180°0′E / 68.983°N 180.000°E / 68.983; 180.000 (Russia)
 Russia
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug

65°02′N 180°0′E / 65.033°N 180.000°E / 65.033; 180.000 (Bering Sea)
Bering Sea

52°0′N 180°0′E / 52.000°N 180.000°E / 52.000; 180.000 (Amchitka Pass)
Amchitka Pass
 Passing just east of Semisopochnoi Island, Alaska,  United States (at 51°57′N 179°47′E / 51.950°N 179.783°E / 51.950; 179.783 (Semisopochnoi Island))

51°0′N 180°0′E / 51.000°N 180.000°E / 51.000; 180.000 (Pacific Ocean)
Pacific Ocean
 Passing just east of Nukulaelae atoll,  Tuvalu (at 9°25′S 179°52′E / 9.417°S 179.867°E / -9.417; 179.867 (Nukulaelae atoll))
Passing just west of the island of Cikobia,  Fiji (at 15°43′S 179°59′W / 15.717°S 179.983°W / -15.717; -179.983 (Cikobia))

16°9′S 180°0′E / 16.150°S 180.000°E / -16.150; 180.000 (Fiji)
 Fiji
 Islands of Vanua Levu, Rabi, and Taveuni

16°59′S 180°0′E / 16.983°S 180.000°E / -16.983; 180.000 (Pacific Ocean)
Pacific Ocean
 Passing just east of the island of Moala,  Fiji (at 18°33′S 179°57′E / 18.550°S 179.950°E / -18.550; 179.950 (Moala))
Passing just west of the island of Totoya,  Fiji (at 19°0′S 179°52′W / 19.000°S 179.867°W / -19.000; -179.867 (Totoya))
Passing just east of the island of Matuku,  Fiji (at 19°10′S 179°47′E / 19.167°S 179.783°E / -19.167; 179.783 (Matuku))

60°0′S 180°0′E / 60.000°S 180.000°E / -60.000; 180.000 (Southern Ocean)
Southern Ocean

78°13′S 180°0′E / 78.217°S 180.000°E / -78.217; 180.000 (Antarctica)
Antarctica
Ross Dependency, claimed by  New Zealand



180° Meridian, Taveuni, Fiji


The meridian also passes between (but not particularly close to):



  • the Gilbert Islands and the Phoenix Islands of Kiribati


  • North Island and the Kermadec Islands of New Zealand

  • the Bounty Islands and the Chatham Islands, also of New Zealand


The only place where roads cross this meridian, and where there are buildings very close to it, is in Fiji.



Software representation problems


Many geographic software libraries or data formats project the world to a rectangle; very often this rectangle is split exactly at the 180th meridian. This often makes it non-trivial to do simple tasks (like representing an area, or a line) over the 180th meridian. Some examples:



  • The GeoJSON specification strongly suggests splitting geometries so that neither of their parts cross the antimeridian.[2]

  • In OpenStreetMap, areas (like the boundary of Russia) are split at the 180th meridian.



See also



  • 179th meridian east

  • 179th meridian west

  • Prime meridian

  • International Date Line



Notes





  1. ^ The word antimeridian can also mean the meridian opposite to any given meridian. E.g. 20° west is the antimeridian of 160° east.


  2. ^ "RFC 7946 - The GeoJSON Format"..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}












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