鸿德堂(英语:Fitch Memorial Church)是中国上海的一座基督教新教教堂,这是一座青砖砌筑的中国古典宫殿风格的教堂建筑,留下了1920-1930年代中国基督教本色运动的痕迹;同时,这座教堂所处的特殊的地理位置——上海市虹口区多伦路59号,坐南朝北——在租界时代属于上海公共租界越界筑路地段,使得它走过了独特的历史轨迹。
目录
1历史
1.1起源
1.2变迁
1.3关闭
1.4恢复
2建筑
3事件
4参考文献
历史
起源
该教堂原来由基督教美北长老会创办,堂名就是为了纪念该会的著名传教士、美华书馆负责人费启鸿(George F. Fitch, 1845-1923)。最初的地址就在北京路清源里美华书馆,堂名思娄堂,是纪念美北长老会第一个来华的传教士娄理华(Walter Macon Lowrie,1819年-1847年8月)。20世纪初,美华书馆迁到北四川路横浜桥扩建。1925年,思娄堂也北迁到虹口的窦乐安路(今多伦路)重建。并改名为鸿德堂,以纪念1923年去世的费启鸿。1928年10月新堂落成。
For other uses, see Monte Carlo (disambiguation). Quarter and ward of Monaco in Monaco Monte Carlo Quarter and ward of Monaco Monte Carlo in Monaco (Ward shown) Monte Carlo Location in relation to France Coordinates: 43°44′23″N 7°25′38″E / 43.73972°N 7.42722°E / 43.73972; 7.42722 Coordinates: 43°44′23″N 7°25′38″E / 43.73972°N 7.42722°E / 43.73972; 7.42722 Country Monaco Government • Type Principality Area • Urban 0.61 km 2 (.234 sq mi) Population • Quarter and ward of Monaco 15,200 (in the quarter) 3,500 (in the ward) Postcode 98000 Monte Carlo ( / ˈ m ɒ n t i ˈ k ɑːr l oʊ / ; Italian: [ˈmonte ˈkarlo] ; French: Monte-Carlo [mɔ̃te kaʁlo] , or colloquially Monte-Carl [mɔ̃te kaʁl] ; Monégasque: Munte Carlu ) officially refers to an administrative area of the Principality of Monaco, specifically the ward of Monte Carlo/Spélugues, where the Monte Carlo Casino is located. Informally the name also refers to a ...
This article is part of a series on Information security Related security categories Internet security Cyberwarfare Computer security Mobile security Network security Threats Computer crime Vulnerability Eavesdropping Malware Spyware Ransomware Trojans Viruses Worms Rootkits Bootkits Keyloggers Screen scrapers Exploits Backdoors Logic bombs Payloads Denial of service Defenses Computer access control Application security Antivirus software Secure coding Secure by default Secure by design Secure operating systems Authentication Multi-factor authentication Authorization Data-centric security Encryption Firewall Intrusion detection system Mobile secure gateway Runtime application self-protection (RASP) v t e Information security , sometimes shortened to InfoSec , is the practice of preventing unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, inspection, recording or destruction of information. Th...
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