Mixing
Global Language Monitor
 | |
Type | Media Analytics |
|---|---|
| Industry | High Technology |
| Founded | 1999 (1999) |
| Founder | Paul JJ Payack [4] |
| Headquarters | Headquarters: Austin, Texas , United States |
| Products | Olympics and World Cup Brand and Ambush Marketing Analyses, annual Top 55 Global Fashion Capitals, annual TrendTopper MediaBuzz College Guide, Annual Top Words, Phrases, and Names of the Year (for Global English), annual Top Business Buzzwords, Top Political Buzzwords, Top Politically(in)Correct Words |
| Website | www.languagemonitor.com |
The Global Language Monitor (GLM) is an Austin, Texas-based company that collectively documents, analyzes, and tracks trends in language usage worldwide, with a particular emphasis upon the English language. It is particularly known for its Word of the Year,[1] political analysis,[2][3] college and university rankings,[4] High Tech buzzwords,[5][6] and media analytics.[7]
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Contents
1 History
1.1 Words
1.1.1 2017
1.1.2 2016
1.1.3 2015
1.1.4 2014
1.1.5 2013
1.1.6 2012
1.1.7 2011
1.1.8 2010
1.1.9 2009
1.2 Phrases
1.2.1 2017
1.2.2 2016
1.2.3 2015
1.2.4 2014
1.2.5 2013
1.2.6 2012
1.2.7 2011
1.2.8 2010
1.2.9 2009
1.3 Names
1.3.1 2015
1.3.2 2014
1.3.3 2013
1.3.4 2012
1.3.5 2011
1.3.6 Previous Words, Phrases & Names of the Year
2 Top Words, Stories, Phrases and Names of the Decade
3 Annual fashion capital rankings
3.1 Commentary from Global Language Monitor About the 2017 edition of its annual fashion capital rankings
3.1.1 Commentary from Global Language Monitor individual cities in the 2017 edition
4 High tech terms
5 Counting English words
6 Obama an English language word
7 Top US Colleges and University Rankings
7.1 Top 50 US Colleges by TrendTopper MediaBuzz 2016
7.1.1 Top US Colleges by Category
8 References
9 External links
History
Founded in Silicon Valley in 2003 by Paul J.J. Payack, the GLM describes its role as "a media analytics company that documents, analyzes and tracks cultural trends in language the world over, with a particular emphasis upon Global English". GLM's main services include various products based on the Narrative Tracker technologies for global Internet and social media analysis. NarrativeTracker is based on global discourse, providing a real-time, accurate picture about any topic, at any point in time. NarrativeTracker analyzes the Internet, blogosphere, the top 275,000 print and electronic global media, as well as new social media sources as they emerge.[8] In April 2008, GLM moved its headquarters from San Diego to Austin.[9]
GLM announced "Emoji" as its Top Word of 2014 for Global English along with its complete lists of Top Words, Phrases and Names in December 2014.[10]
Earlier in 2015 GLM has released:
- The Top Words of the First Fifteen Years of the 21st Century (and what they portend).[11]
- The Top Words of 2115 (One hundred Years Hence)[12]
- The AD 2076 Map of the Re-federalised United States (including VanCity and Scot's Land).[13]
- The Top Trending Words of 2015 at Mid-Year [14]
Words
2017
- Truth
- Narrative
- Opioids
- Post-Truth
- Woke
- Brexit
- Blessee
- Non-binary
- Anthropocene
- Latinx
- Ransomware
- Tradie
- Flip
2016
- A Meme and not a word of Omran Daqneesh (Omran Daqneesh in Aleppo)
- Refugee
- Bigly
- Brexit
- Zika
- Opioids
- Microaggression
- Climate Changing
- Post-truth
- Anthropocene
2015
- Microaggression
2014
Emoji, the Heart emoji
2013
- 404
- Fail
- Hashtag
- @Pontifex
- The Optic
- Surveillance
- Drones
- Deficit
- Sequestration
- Emancipate
- Filibuster
- Nano-
- Twerking
- Deadlock
- Franken-
- Meme
- Stalemate
- The Cloud
- Phony
- Comet
2012
- Apocalypse/Armageddon
- deficit
- Olympiad
- Bak'tun
- meme
- MOOC
- The Cloud
- omnishambles
- Frankenstorm
- obesogenic
- hen
- derecho
- hashtag
- drones
- fracking
- phobes
- superfood
- The 47
- YOLO
- adorkable
2011
- occupy
- fracking
- drone
- Non-veg
- Kummerspeck
- Haboob
- 3Q
- Trustafarians
- (The Other) 99
2010
- Spillcam
- Vuvuzela
- The Narrative
- Refudiate
- Guido and Guidette
- Deficit
- Snowmagedden/Snowpocalypse
- 3-D
- Shellacking
- simplexity
2009
- Obama-
- H1N1
- stimulus
- vampire
- 2.0
- deficit
- hadron
- healthcare
- transparency
- outrage
- bonus
- unemployed
- foreclosure
- cartel
- Twenty-ten
(spoken only)
- Obamacare
Phrases
2017
Weinstein Effect #MeToo
2016
- Make America Great Again
2015
- Migrant Crisis
2014
- Hands Up, No Shoot
2013
- Toxic Politics
- Federal Shutdown
Global warming/climate change
- Federal Deficit
- Tread Lightly
- Boston strong
- Marathon Bombing
- Chemical Weapons
- All-time High
- Rogue nukes
- Near-Earth Asteroid
- Arab Spring
- Solar Maximum
- big data
- Ethical/Sustainable Fashion
2012
- Gangnam Style
Global warming/climate change
- Fiscal cliff
- The Deficit
- God particle
- Rogue nukes
- Near-Earth Asteroid
- Binders full of women
- Arab Spring
- solar max
- big data
- ethical/sustainable fashion
- toxic politics
- Citius, Altius, Fortius
- War on Women
2011
- Arab Spring
- Royal Wedding
- Anger and rage
- Climate change
- The Great Recession
- Tahrir Square
- Linear no-threshold
- Bunga bunga
- ‘How’s that working out for you?’
- "Make no mistake about it!"
- Don’t Touch My Junk
2010
- Anger and Rage
- Climate change
- The Great Recession
- Teachable moment
- Tea Party
- Ambush Marketing
- Lady Gaga
- Man up
- Pass the bill to be able to see what’s in it
- Obamamania
2009
- King of Pop
- Obamamania
- Climate change
- swine flu
- Too Large to Fail
- cloud computing
- public option
Jai Ho!- Mayan calendar
- God particle
Names
2015
- Donald Trump
2014
- Ebola
2013
- Pope Francis
- ObamaCare
- NSA
- Edward Snowden
- Kate Middleton
- IRS
- Ted Cruz
- Chris Christie
- Marathon Bombers
- Malala Yousafzai
- Xi Jinping
- Barack Obama
- Hassan Rouhani
- Sochi Olympics
- Angela Merkel
2012
Newtown and Malala Yousafzai
(tie)
- Xi Jinping
- Kate Middleton
- Barack Obama
- Mitt Romney
- London Olympics
- Higgs boson
Europe
(EU/Eurogeddon)- Felix Baumgartner
- Senkaku Islands
- John Roberts
- Bibi
(Benjamin Netanyahu) - Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
- Christopher Stevens
2011
- Steve Jobs
Osama bin-Laden & Seal Team 6
- Fukushima
- Mohamed Bouazizi
- Hu Jintao
- Kate Middleton
- Muammar Gaddafi
- Barack Obama
- PIIGS
- Yaroslavl Lokomotiv
Previous Words, Phrases & Names of the Year
- 2014
- Top Words: No. 1 The Heart ♥ Emoji (for love), No. 2 Hashtag, No. 3 Vape
- Top Phrases: No. 1 Hands Up, Don’t Shoot; No. 2 Cosmic Inflation, No. 3 Global Warming
- Top Names: No. 1 Ebola, No. 2 Pope Francis, No. 3 World War I
- 2013
- Top Words: No. 1 ‘404’, No.2 Fail, No.3 Hashtag
- Top Phrases: No. 1 Toxic Politics, No. 2 Federal Shutdown, No.3 Global Warming/Climate Change
- Top Names: No. 1. Pope Francis, No. 2 ObamaCare, No.3 NSA
- 2012
- Top Words: No. 1 ApocalypseArmageddon, No.2 Deficit, No. 3 Olympiad
- Top Phrases: No. 1 Gangnam Style, No. 2 Climate Change/Global Warming, No. 3 Fiscal Cliff
- Top Names: No. 1 Newtown and Malala Yousafzai, No. 3 Xi Jinping
- 2011
- Top Words: No. 1 Occupy, No.2 Fracking, No.3 Drone
- Top Phrases: No. 1 Arab Spring, No. 2 Royal Wedding, No.3 Anger and Rage
- Top Names: No. 1 Steve Jobs, No. 2 Osama bin-laden and Seal Team Six, No.3 Fukushim
- 2010
- Top Words: No. 1 Occupy, No.2 Fracking, No.3 Drone
- Top Phrases: No. 1 Anger and Rage, No. 2 Climate Change, No. 3 The Great Recession
- Top Names: No. 1 Hu Jintao, paramount leader of China, No. 2 iPad, No. 3 Barack Obama
- 2009
- Top Words: No. 1: Twitter, No. 2: Obama, No. 3: H1N1
- Top Phrases: No. 1: King of Pop, No. 2: Obama-mania, No. 3: Climate Change
- Top Names: No. 1: Obama, No. 2: Michael Jackson, No. 3: Mobama
- 2008
- Top Words: No. 1: Change, No. 2: Bailout, No. 3: Obama-mania
- Top Phrases: No. 1: Financial Tsunami, No. 2: Global Warming, No. 3: "Yes, We Can!"
- Top Names: No. 1: Barack Obama, No. 2: George W. Bush, No. 3: Michael Phelps
- 2007
- Top Words: No. 1 Hybrid (representing all things green), No. 2: Surge
- Top Phrase: Climate Change
- Top Name: Al Gore
- 2006
- Top Word: Sustainable
- Top Phrase: Stay the Course
- Top Name: Darfur
- 2005
- Top Words: No. 1, Refugee, No. 2: Tsunami, No. 3: Katrina
- Top Phrase: Outside the Mainstream
- Top Name: (acts of) God
- 2004
- Top Word: Incivility (for inCivil War)
- Top Phrase: Red States/Blue States, No. 2: Rush to War
- Top Name: Dubya/Rove
- 2003
- Top Word: Embedded
- Top Phrase: Shock and Awe, No. 2: Rush to War
- Top Name: Saddam Hussein, No. 2: Dubya
- 2002
- Top Word: Misunderestimate
- Top Phrase: Threat Fatigue
- Top Name: W (Dubya)
- 2001
- Top Word: Ground Zero
- Top Phrase: ‘Lets Roll’
- Top Name: The Heros
- 2000
- Top Word: Chad
- Top Phrase: Dot.com
- Top Name: W (Dubya)
Top Words, Stories, Phrases and Names of the Decade
The Top Words of the Decade from 2000 to 2009 were headed by Global Warming.[15]
The Top Words of the Decade from 2000–2009
Word / Year / Comments
global warming (2000) Rated highly from Day One of the decade- 9/11 (2001) Another inauspicious start to the decade
- Obama- (2008 ) The US President’s name as a ‘root’ word or ‘word stem’
- bailout (2008) The Bank Bailout was but Act One of the crisis
- evacuee/refugee (2005) After Katrina, refugees became evacuees
- derivative (2007) Financial instrument or analytical tool that engendered the Meltdown
- google (2007) Founders misspelled actual word ‘googol’
- surge (2007) The strategy that effectively ended the Iraq War
- Chinglish (2005) The Chinese-English Hybrid language growing larger as Chinese influence expands
- tsunami (2004) Southeast Asian tsunami took 250,000 lives
- H1N1 (2009) More commonly known as Swine Flu
subprime (2007) Subprime mortgages were another bubble to burst
dot.com (2000) The Dot.com bubble engendered no lifelines, no bailouts
Y2K (2000) The Year 2000: all computers would turn to pumpkins at the strike of midnight- misunderestimate (2002) One of the first and most enduring of Bushisms
chad (2000) Those Florida voter punched card fragments that the presidency would turn upon- twitter (2008) A quarter of a billion references on Google
WMD (2002) Iraq’s Weapons of Mass Destruction
blog (2003) First called ‘web logs’ which contracted into blogs
texting (2004) Sending 140 character text messages over cell phones
slumdog (2008) Child inhabitants of Mumba’s slums- sustainable (2006) The key to ‘Green’ living where natural resources are never depleted
- Brokeback (2004) New term for ‘gay’ from the Hollywood film ‘Brokeback Mountain’
- quagmire (2004) Would Iraq War end up like Vietnam, another ‘quagmire’?
truthiness (2006) Stephen Colbert’s addition to the language appears to be a keeper
The Top Stories of the decade from 2000-2009
Rank/News Story/Comment
Rise of China The biggest story of the decade, outdistancing the No. 2 Internet story by 400%.
Iraq War The buildup, the invasion, the hunt for the WMDs, and the Surge were top in print and electronic media outlets.
9/11 Terrorist Attacks The 9/11 Terrorist attacks on New York City and Washington, DC seemed to set the tone for the new decade.
War on Terror President George W. Bush’s response to 9/11.
Death of Michael Jackson A remarkably high ranking considering that MJ’s death occurred in the final year of the decade.
Election of Obama to US presidency The rallying cries of ‘hope’ and ‘Yes, we can!’ resulting in the historic election of an African-American to the US presidency.
Global Recession of 2008/9 The ongoing world economic restructuring as opposed to the initial ‘economic meltdown’ or ‘financial tsunami’.- Hurricane Katrina New Orleans was devastated when the levies collapsed; scenes of death and destruction shocked millions the world over.
War in Afghanistan Now in its eighth year with an expansion into neighboring Pakistan.
Economic Meltdown/Financial Tsunami The initial shock of witnessing some 25% of the world’s wealth melting away seemingly overnight.
Beijing Olympics The formal launch of China onto the world stage.
South Asian tsunami The horror of 230,000 dead or missing, washed away in a matter of minutes was seared into the consciousness the global community.
War against the Taliban Lands controlled by the Taliban served as a safe haven from which al Qaeda would launch its terrorist attacks.
Death of Pope John Paul II The largest funeral in recent memory with some 2,000,000 pilgrims in attendance.
Osama bin-Laden eludes capture Hesitation to attack Tora Bora in 2002 has led to the continuing manhunt.
The Top Phrases of the Decade from 2000–2009
Word/Year/Comments
climate change (2000) Green words in every form dominant the decade- Financial Tsunami (2008) One quarter of the world’s wealth vanishes seemingly overnight
ground zero (2001) Site of 9/11terrorist attack in New York City- War on Terror (2001) Bush administration’s response to 9/11
Weapons of Mass Destruction (2003) Bush’s WMDs never found in Iraq or the Syrian desert
swine flu (2008) H1N1, please, so as not to offend the pork industry or religious sensitivities!- "Let’s Roll!" (2001) Todd Beamer’s last words before Flight 93 crashed into the PA countryside
Red State/Blue State (2004) Republican or Democratic control of states
carbon footprint (2007) How much CO² does an activity produce?
shock-and-awe (2003) Initial strategy of Iraq War
Ponzi scheme (2009) Madoff’s strategy reaped billions & heartache
Category 4 (2005) Force of Hurricane Katrina hitting New Orleans’ seawalls and levies- King of Pop (2000) Elvis was the King, MJ the King (of Pop)
- "Stay the course" (2004) Dubya’s oft-stated guidance for Iraq War
- "Yes, we can!" (2008) Obama’s winning campaign slogan
- "Jai Ho!" (2008) Shout of joy from ‘Slumdog Millionaire’
- "Out of the Mainstream" (2003) Complaint about any opposition’s political platform
Cloud computing (2007) Using the Internet as a large computational device- threat fatigue (2004) One too many terrorist threat alerts
same-sex marriage (2003) Marriage of gay couples
Annual fashion capital rankings
An annual ranking of the leading fashion capitals is produced by Global Language Monitor, a US-based company that tracks trends through language use worldwide. The 2017 top-sixty three fashion capitals, according to its rankings, are listed below.[16]
| Rank (2017) | City | Last |
|---|---|---|
| 1 |  New York City | 2 |
| 2 |  Paris | 1 |
| 3 |  Barcelona | 7 |
| 4 |  Milan | 6 |
| 5 | Rome | 5 |
| 6 |  London | 3 |
| 7 |  Amsterdam | 23 |
| 8 |  Berlin | 8 |
| 9 | Las Vegas | 23 |
| 10 |  Dubai | 17 |
| 11 |  Singapore | 14 |
| 12 |  Hong Kong | 12 |
| 13 | Florence | 11 |
| 14 | Los Angeles | 4 |
| 15 | Madrid | 9 |
| 16 |  Bali | 40 |
| 17 |  Seoul | 56 |
| 18 |  Prague | 33 |
| 19 |  Rio de Janeiro | 18 |
| 20 |  Buenos Aires | 29 |
| 21 | Washington, D.C. | 54 |
| 22 |  Moscow | 22 |
| 23 |  Tokyo | 10 |
| 24 |  Santiago | 43 |
| 25 |  Vienna | 34 |
| 26 |  Shanghai | 15 |
| 27 |  Mumbai | 38 |
| 28 |  Melbourne | 49 |
| 29 |  Stockholm | 46 |
| 30 |  Bangkok | 50 |
| 31 |  Warsaw | 42 |
| 32 |  Copenhagen | 36 |
| 33 | San Francisco | 37 |
| 34 |  Sydney | 13 |
| 35 |  São Paulo | 16 |
| 36 |  Antwerpen | 25 |
| 37 |  Johannesburg | 48 |
| 38 |  Dallas | 20 |
| 39 | Austin | 45 |
| 40 | Abu Dhabi | Debut |
| 41 | St Petersburg | 35 |
| 42 | Cape Town | 41 |
| 43 |  Mexico City | 53 |
| 44 | Portland, Oregon | Debut |
| 45 | Frankfurt | 51 |
| 46 | Boston | 24 |
| 47 |  Kuala Lumpur | Debut |
| 48 | Johannesburg | 37 |
| 49 |  Monaco | 21 |
| 50 | Atlanta, Georgia | 47 |
| 51 | New Delhi | 39 |
| 52 |  Vancouver | 52 |
| 53 | Chicago, Illinois | 27 |
| 54 | Houston, Texas | 30 |
| 55 | Montreal | 47 |
| 56 |  Dakar | Debut |
| 57 |  Beirut | Debut |
| 58 | Kraków | 44 |
| 59 |  Toronto | 28 |
| 60 |  Lagos | Debut |
| 61 | Columbus | Debut |
| 62 |  Accra | Debut |
| 63 |  Caracas | Hiatus |
Commentary from Global Language Monitor About the 2017 edition of its annual fashion capital rankings
The current 2017 rankings now include 63 fashion capitals. There are three new fashion capitals from West Africa: Accra, Ghana; Dakar, Senegal; and Lagos, Nigeria. There is one new fashion capital from East Asia: Kuala Lumpur. There is one new fashion capital from the Middle East: Beirut, Lebanon. Before the various insurgencies in the region, Beirut was known as the Paris of the Middle East. There are two new fashion capitals from North America: Portland, Oregon known for its ‘weird’ culture, much like Austin, Texas and Columbus, Ohio known in the fashion world as the manufacturing headquarters of Henri Bendel, Victoria’s Secret, the Bath & Body Works, Abercrombie & Fitch (A&F), and others.
Commentary from Global Language Monitor individual cities in the 2017 edition
No. 3 Barcelona — Moving into Big Four Territory is Big News by definition.
No. 4 Milano — Reclaiming its Big Four status; hmm, perhaps all that re-thinking and revamping just might be having an impact (we’ll see in 2018).
No. 6 London — Had a great run earlier in the decade, but not so great lately (If you consider the No. 6 spot not so great).
No. 7 Amsterdam — Moving up 15 spots is quite a move.
No. 9 Vegas — Back in the Top Ten, more evidence that the Red Carpet experience does indeed have an impact.
No. 10 Dubai — More evidence that billions of dollars Do, indeed, have an impact.
No. 17 Seoul — Finally making the move in Asia, not No. 1, but a respectable No. 3 regionally.
No. 21 Washington, DC — A move into respectability!?
No. 28 Melbourne and No. 34 Sydney — Trading Places
No. 44 Portland, OR — A very nice debut.
No. 47 Kuala Lumpur — Another solid debut.
No. 46 Boston, No. 48 Miami, No.53 Chicago, No. 54 Houston, and No. 59 Toronto — All down by twenty spots, or more.
No. 63 Caracas — On Hiatus due to Insurrection.
Methodology: For this analysis, the Global Language Monitor used its proprietary Brand Affiliation Index (BAI), the same technology used to measure global brand equity for the Olympics, World Cup, the Fortune 500, and others. This exclusive, GLM longitudinal-study encompasses the prior three years to better assess short-term velocity and longer-term momentum. The study is a Big Data textual analysis based on billions of webpages, millions of blogs, the top 375,000 global print and electronic media, and new social media formats as they appear. This is the eleventh edition of the survey, which was first made public in 2007.
High tech terms
On March 29, 2013 announced The Most Confusing High Tech Buzzwords of the Second Decade of the 21st century, thus far (2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013) with commentary follow:
2013 Rank, Buzzword, Last Year’s rank
- Big Data (1) — Soon Human Knowledge will be doubling every second. ’Big’ does not begin to describe what’s coming at us.
- Dark Data (New)- Might not have noticed it because … it is ‘Dark Data’ ‘Big Data’ has begun to spin off its own superlatives.
- The Cloud (2) — All that data has got to go somewhere. Hint: it’s neither your phone nor your tablet.
- Yottabytes (New) – Showing up on lots of technologists’ radar lately: a quadrillion gigabytes.
- The Next Big Thing (3) — A cliché rendered ever more meaningless but still on everyone’s tongue.
- Heisenbug (New) – A bug that disappears when you try to detect it, finally making the list after a steady ascent over the last decade.
- 3-D Printer (New) – Watch this space. This technology has been used in CAD design for years and science fiction for decades — but now they are impinging upon everyday life.
- Phablet (New) – The Next Big Thing? The odds are against it since consumer goods tend to evolve into single-purpose appliances.
- REST (New) – Representational State transfer is slowly climbing its way up the list.
- Web X.0 (5) — Formerly Web 2.0, 3.0, etc.
The study was released in conjunction with Austin's South by Southwest Interactive festival.
On March 17, 2010, the Global Language Monitor presented the Most Confusing High Tech Buzzwords of the first decade of the 21st century (2000–2009).[17]
HTTP — HyperText Transfer Protocol is used for HTML (HyperText Markup Language) files.- Flash — As in Flash Memory. "Flash’ is easier to say than " I brought the report on my EEPROM chip with a thin oxide layer separating a floating gate and control gate utilizing Fowler-Nordheim electron tunneling".
- God Particle – The Higgs boson, thought to account for mass. The God Particle has eluded discovery since its existence was first postulated some thirty years ago.
- Cloud computing – Distributing or accessing programs and services across the Internet. (The Internet is represented as a cloud.)
Plasma (as in plasma TV) — Refers to a kind of television screen technology that uses matrix of gas plasma cells, which are charged by differing electrical voltages to create an image.
iPod – Apple maintains that the idea of the iPod was from the film 2001: A Space Odyssey.
Megapixel – One million pixels or picture elements.- Nano – Widely used to describe anything small as in nanotechnology. Like the word ‘mini’ which originally referred to the red hues in Italian miniature paintings, the word nano- is ultimately derived from the ancient Greek word for ‘dwarf’.
- Resonate – Not the tendency of a system to oscillate at maximum amplitude, but the ability to relate to (or resonate with) a customer’s desires.
- Virtualization – Around since the late ‘70s, virtualization now applies to everything from infrastructures to I/O.
On November 19, 2008 Global Language Monitor announced the most confusing yet frequently cited high tech buzzwords of 2008 to be cloud computing, green washing, and buzzword compliant followed by resonate, de-duping, and virtualization. Rounding out the Top Ten were Web 2.0, versioning, word clouds, and petaflop. The most confusing Acronym for 2008 was SaaS (software as a service).
On 14 October 2007 GLM released a list of the most confusing high tech terms and buzzwords. The words included:
iPod,
flash,
cookie,
nano and
kernel,
followed by
megahertz,
cell
(as in
cell phone),
plasma,
de-duplication
and
Blu-Ray.
Other terms being tracked included
terabyte,
memory,
core,
and head crash.
The most confusing acronym was found to be SOA, for service-oriented architecture, an acronym which IBM published a book about.[18]
The studies were released each year on the anniversary of the cookie, the invention that made the World Wide Web practical for widespread surfing, communication, and e-commerce.[19]
Counting English words
GLM announced the 1,000,000th English word on June 10, 2009.[20] This controversial exercise was widely covered in the global media.[21][22] The count itself was widely criticized by a number of prominent members of the linguistic community, including Geoffrey Nunberg,[23] and Jesse Sheidlower[24] and Benjamin Zimmer.[25] on the grounds that since there is no generally accepted definition of a word, there can never be a definitive count.[24][25][26]
The finalists, which met the criteria of a minimum of 25,000 citations with the necessary breadth of geographic distribution and depth of citations, were:
1. Web 2.0. 2. Jai Ho! 3. N00b. 4. Slumdog. 5. Cloud computing. 6. Carbon Neutral. 7. Slow Food. 8. Octomom. 9. Greenwashing. 10. Sexting. 11. Shovel ready. 12. Defriend. 13. Chengguan. 14. Recessionista. 15. Zombie Banks.[27]
Critics noted that the target date had been changed a number of times from late in 2006 to early in 2009.[28][29][30][31][32][33] It was also criticized on grounds that a count is impossible because "word" is not a scientifically valid concept. Google addressed this situation by counting the words in the 15 million scanned texts in their corpus.[34] Global Language Monitor states the general criteria for inclusion on its site, maintaining that it is simply updating the established criteria for printed dictionaries beginning with the works of Samuel Johnson and Noah Webster.[35]
The New York Times quoted Paul JJ Payack as saying that the PQI is "an algorithm that tracks words and phrases in the media and on the Internet in relation to frequency, context and appearance in global media. It is a weighted index that takes into account year-to-year increases and acceleration in the last several months".[36] In general terms, GLM describes its Predictive Quantities Indicator (PQI), used to run its analytics on global language trends and, as a weighted index, factoring in long-term trends, short-term changes, momentum and velocity, using frequency data on words and phrases in the global print and electronic media, on the Internet, and throughout the blogosphere, as well as in proprietary databases (Factiva, Lexis-Nexis, etc.). It can also create "signals" that can be used in a variety of applications.[37]
Obama an English language word
On 20 February 2008 GLM announced that the latest word to enter the English language was "obama", derived from Barack Obama, in its many variations. GLM described Obama- as a "root" for words including obamanomics, obamican, obamamentum, obamacize, obamarama, obamaNation, Obamafy, obamamania and obamacam.[38] GLM announced it to be an accepted word, once it met the group's published criteria: a minimum of 25,000 citations in the global media, as well as achieving the necessary 'breadth' and 'depth' of citations.[39]
Top US Colleges and University Rankings
The Global Language Monitor publishes other lists relating to the English language including: the TrendTopper MediaBuzz College Guide rankings of the top 425 U.S. colleges and universities according to their internet brand equity.[40]
Top Universities (January 2016):
Rank/University/Previous Ranking
Top Universities Last
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1
- University of California at Los Angeles 6
- University of California, Berkeley 3
- University of California, Davis 7
- University of California, San Diego 12
- University of Chicago 4
- University of Texas, Austin 5
- Harvard University 2
- University of Washington 13
- University of Southern California 27
- Stanford University 8
- University of Wisconsin, Madison 15
- Yale University 21
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 16
- University of California, Irvine 37
- University of Virginia 19
- University of California, Santa Barbara 36
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 20
- University of Minnesota 22
- Ohio State University, Columbus 28
- Columbia University 14
- Princeton University 17
- University of Pennsylvania 11
- Duke University 61
- University of California, Santa Cruz 84
- New York University 9
- Emory University 33
- Michigan State University 24
- Cornell University 23
- Johns Hopkins University 30
- Northwestern University 10
- University of Florida 67
- Florida State 48
- University of Missouri, Columbia 51
- Virginia Tech 65
- University of Arizona 77
- University of Iowa 44
- Georgia Institute of Technology 26
- Washington University in St. Louis 25
- Indiana University, Bloomington 32
- University of Miami 46
- Washington State University 79
- University of Pittsburgh 45
- University of San Diego 149
- University of Oregon 49
- American University 58
- University of Phoenix 98
- Purdue University 31
- Iowa State University 47
- University of Georgia 43
- University of Tennessee 90
Top 50 US Colleges by TrendTopper MediaBuzz 2016
Rank/College/Previous Ranking
- Wesleyan University 54
- School of the Art Institute of Chicago 27
- College of the Holy Cross 58
- Williams College 6
- University of Richmond 2
- United States Military Academy 1
- Smith College 47
- United States Naval Academy 20
- Middlebury College 7
- Pratt Institute 10
- Wellesley College 4
- University of the Arts, PA 69
- Berklee College of Music 72
- Babson College 9
- Oberlin College 19
- Rhode Island School of Design 22
- Bucknell University 11
- Vassar College 8
- Barnard College 21
- Colgate University 14
- Bowdoin College 15
- Pomona College 3
- Davidson College 25
- Bennington College 96
- Lafayette College 13
- Swarthmore College 16
- United States Air Force Academy 43
- Colby College 46
- Mount Holyoke College 44
- Bard College 18
- Amherst College 4
- Fashion Institute of Technology 64
- Morehouse College 35
- Carleton College 36
- Occidental College 17
- Furman University 66
- Bryn Mawr College 31
- The Juilliard School 30
- Reed College 24
- Bates College 48
- Washington and Lee University 38
- Kenyon College 40
- Drew University 45
- Dickinson College 23
- Skidmore College 39
- Colorado College 89
- Trinity College, CT 33
- DePauw University 49
- Gettysburg College 32
- Haverford College 50
Top US Colleges by Category
- The 222 Top US Universities 1. MIT, 2. UCLA, 3. Berkeley
- The 199 Top US Colleges 1. Wesleyan (CT), 2. SAIC, 3. Holy Cross
- The Top US Private Universities 1. Chicago, 2. Harvard, 3. Stanford
- The Top US Public Universities 1. UCLA, 2. Berkeley, 3. UC Davis
- The Top US Private Colleges 1. Wesleyan (CT), 2. SAIC, 3. Holy Cross
- The Top US Public Colleges 1. West Point, 2. Annapolis, 3. Air Force
- The Top Engineering Universities 1. MIT, 2. Virginia Tech, 3. Georgia Tech
- The Top Engineering Colleges 1. Harvey Mudd, 2. MSOE, 3. SD School of Mines
- The Top Catholic Universities 1. U San Diego, 2. Boston College, 3. Notre Dame.
- The Top Catholic Colleges 1. Holy Cross, 2. Siena College, 3. Willamette
- Top Denomination-related Colleges 1. St Olaf, 2. High Point, 3. Muhlenberg
- Top Military and Service Academies 1. West Point, 2. Annapolis, 3. Air Force
- Top Art, Design, and Music Schools 1. School of the Art Institute AIC, 2. Pratt Institute, 3. School of the Arts, PA
- Top Women’s Colleges 1. Smith, 2. Wellesley, 3. Barnard
- Top Historically Black Colleges and Universities 1. Morehouse, 2. Spelman, 3.Rhodes
and 15 Top All-Time Bushisms, and many others.[41]
References
^ Spillcam, vuvuzela are top words of 2010
^ Kristof, Nicholas (2008-10-17). "Obama the Intellectual". Kristof.blogs.nytimes.com. Retrieved 2009-10-19..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ Nicholas D. Kristof: Obama and the war on brains
^ ANITA B. HOFSCHNEIDER Contributing Writer. "Media Fixates on Harvard". Thecrimson.com. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ "Bamboozled By Buzzwords". Search.japantimes.co.jp. 2005-04-24. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ "10 Most Confusing High Tech Buzzwords". Networkworld.com. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ Michael Jackson's Death Second Biggest Story of the Century Archived July 12, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
^ "Global Language Monitor". The Times. London: Languagemonitor.com. 2009-03-25. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ [1] / Finally, California sends a business we can support
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-08-21. Retrieved 2015-11-22.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ [2]
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-11-20. Retrieved 2015-11-22.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-11-20. Retrieved 2015-11-22.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-11-21. Retrieved 2015-11-22.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ Goldstein, Katherine (2009-11-19). "Top Words Of The Decade 2000-2009: Most Popular Words". Huffington Post.
^ "New York Bests Paris for 2017 Top Global Fashion Capital Title". Languagemonitor.com. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
^ url=http://www.baselinemag.com/c/a/Business-Intelligence/Most-Confusing-Tech-Buzzwords-824874/ Most Confusing Tech Buzzwords
^ "Hooray! 'SOA' voted most 'confusing acronym of the year' | Service-Oriented Architecture | ZDNet.com". Blogs.zdnet.com. 2007-11-05. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ "The Global Language Monitor releases global study of top 10 most confusing yet widely used high tech buzzwords for 2007". Nanowerk.com. 2007-10-17. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ John D. Sutter CNN (2009-06-10). "'English gets millionth word on Wednesday, site says'". Edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ Winchester, Simon (2009-06-06). "1,000,000 Words!". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 2010-05-03.
^ Millionth English word' declared'
^ Enumerating English, Geoffrey Nunberg, NPR
^ ab Word Count, Jesse Sheidlower, Slate, April 10, 2006
^ ab "Language Log » The "million word" hoax rolls along". Languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ Enumerating English,
^ ‘One millionth English word’ is ‘Web 2.0’ Archived 2009-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, Philippine Daily Inquirer, June 12, 2009
^ Harlow, John (2006-02-05). "Chinglish – it's a word in a million". The Sunday Times. London. Retrieved 2009-01-14.According to Payack, the one millionth word is likely to be formed this summer
^ Macintyre, Ben (2006-08-11). "We're all speaking Geek". The Times. London. Retrieved 2009-01-14.According to Paul Payack, who runs the Global Language Monitor, there are currently 988,974 words in the English language, with thousands more emerging every month. By his calculation, English will adopt its one millionth word in late November.
^ "From Babel to Babble . . . Everyone is Speaking English". Kensington books. Archived from the original on 2009-05-04. Retrieved 2009-01-14.in the spring of 2007, the English word count surpassed a million—over ten times the number available in French. At the crest of this linguistic tsunami surfs Paul J.J. Payack, aka the WordMan. As president of the Global Language Monitor
^ ""A Million Words and Counting" How Global English Is Rewriting the World". Market Wire. May 2008. Retrieved 2009-01-14.according to author Paul J.J. Payack, the founding president of the Global Language Monitor ( www.LanguageMonitor.com ), English will adopt its millionth word in 2008
[dead link]
^ Walker, Ruth (2009-01-02). "Save the date: English nears a milestone". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 2009-01-14.It's April 29, 2009 – plus or minus a few days. That is when the English language is expected to acquire its millionth word. This prediction comes from Global Language Monitor, an organization in Austin, Texas
^ "English gets millionth word on Wednesday, site says", CNN
^ [3], Discover
^ "GLM Criteria". Languagemonitor.com. Archived from the original on 2012-09-19. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ The Power of Words
^ The Predictive Quantities Indicator (PQI), GLM website
^ English language is Barack 'Obamafied', Catherine Elsworth, Los Angeles, Telegraph.co.uk, 26 Feb 2008
^ "'PQI'". Languagemonitor.com. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ "Trendtopper MediaBuzz 2016 University Rankings". Archived from the original on 2014-08-11. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
^ The Morning File: To find the Word of the Year, follow the money, Gary Rottstein, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, January 12, 2009
External links
- Official Site
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