University of Delaware





















































































University of Delaware
University of Delaware Seal.svg

Latin: Universitas Delavariensis
Motto
Scientia Sol Mentis Est (Latin)
Motto in English
Knowledge is the light of the mind
Type
Private/Public
Land Grant
Sea Grant
Space Grant
Established 1743
Endowment $1.262 billion (2016)[1]
President Dennis Assanis
Academic staff
1,172 (2012)[2]
Administrative staff
4,004
Students 24,120 (Fall 2018)[3]
Undergraduates 18,353 (Fall 2015)[3]
Postgraduates 4,499 (Fall 2015)[3]
Location
Newark
,
Delaware
,
U.S.

Campus Suburban 2,012 acres (8.14 km2)[4]
Colors Blue and Yellow[5]
         
Nickname Fightin' Blue Hens
Sporting affiliations

NCAA Division I FCS – CAA
Mascot YoUDee
Website www.udel.edu
University of Delaware wordmark.svg

The University of Delaware (colloquially UD or Delaware) is a public research university located in Newark, Delaware. University of Delaware is the largest university in Delaware. UD currently offers more than 135 undergraduate degrees. At the graduate level, it offers 67 doctoral, 142 master’s degree programs, 14 dual degrees, 15 interdisciplinary programs, 12 on-line programs, and 28 certificate programs across its seven colleges and more than 82 research centers and institutes. UD is one of the top 100 institutions for federal obligations in science and engineering and interdisciplinary initiatives in energy science and policy, the environment, and in human health. The main campus is in Newark, with satellite campuses in Dover, Wilmington, Lewes, and Georgetown. It is considered a large institution with approximately 18,500 undergraduate and 4,500 graduate students. UD is a privately governed university which receives public funding for being a land-grant, sea-grant, space-grant and urban-grant state-supported research institution.[6]


UD is classified as a research intensive university with very high research activity by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.[7] The university's programs in engineering, science, business, hospitality management, education, urban affairs and public policy, public administration, agriculture, history, chemical and biomolecular engineering, chemistry and biochemistry have been highly ranked with some positive impact from the historically strong presence of the nation's chemical and pharmaceutical industries in the state of Delaware, such as DuPont and W. L. Gore and Associates. It is one of only four schools in North America with a major in art conservation. In 1923, UD was the first American university to offer a study abroad program.[8]


The school from which the university grew was founded in 1743, making it one of the oldest in the nation. However, UD was not chartered as an institution of higher learning until 1833. Its original class of ten students included George Read, Thomas McKean, and James Smith, all three of whom would go on to sign the Declaration of Independence.




Contents






  • 1 History


    • 1.1 Early years: Newark Academy


    • 1.2 Transformation to Delaware College




  • 2 Academics


    • 2.1 Rankings


    • 2.2 Alfred Lerner College of Business and Economics


    • 2.3 College of Arts and Sciences


    • 2.4 College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment


    • 2.5 College of Education and Human Development


    • 2.6 College of Engineering


    • 2.7 Divisions and institutes


      • 2.7.1 Institute of Energy Conversion


      • 2.7.2 Disaster Research Center


      • 2.7.3 Delaware Biotechnology Institute


      • 2.7.4 Delaware Environmental Institute


      • 2.7.5 University of Delaware Energy Institute


      • 2.7.6 John L. Weinberg Center for Corporate Governance


      • 2.7.7 Joseph R. Biden Institute






  • 3 Students and admissions


  • 4 Campus


  • 5 Administration


    • 5.1 Funding




  • 6 Study abroad


  • 7 Athletics


    • 7.1 Intrastate competition




  • 8 Music


  • 9 Student life


    • 9.1 Tuition


    • 9.2 Media


      • 9.2.1 Print


      • 9.2.2 Broadcast




    • 9.3 Greek life


    • 9.4 Alcohol abuse


    • 9.5 Shuttle service




  • 10 Health


  • 11 Controversies


    • 11.1 Power plant


    • 11.2 Orientation




  • 12 Notable alumni and faculty


  • 13 Partner Institution


    • 13.1 Malaysia




  • 14 References


  • 15 External links





History



Early years: Newark Academy


The University of Delaware traces its origins to 1743, when Presbyterian minister (founder) Francis Alison opened up his "Free School" in his home in New London, Pennsylvania.[9] During its early years, the school was run under the auspices of the Philadelphia Synod of the Presbyterian Church. The school changed its name and location several times. It moved to Newark around 1763, and received a charter from the colonial Penn government as the Academy of Newark in 1769. In 1781 the academy trustees petitioned the Delaware General Assembly to grant the academy the powers of a college, but no action was taken on this request.[10]



Transformation to Delaware College


In 1818 the Delaware legislature authorized the trustees of the Newark Academy to operate a lottery in order to raise funds with which to establish a college.[11] Commencement of the lottery, however, was delayed until 1825, in large part because some trustees, several of whom were Presbyterian ministers, objected to involvement with a lottery on moral grounds.


In 1832 the academy trustees selected the site for the college and entered into a contact for the erection of the college building. Construction of that building (now called Old College) began in late 1832 or in 1833. On February 5, 1833 the Delaware legislature incorporated Newark College, which was charged with instruction in languages, arts and sciences, and granted the power to confer degrees. All the trustees of the academy became trustees of the college, and the college absorbed the academy, which became the preparatory department of the college.


Newark College commenced operations on May 8, 1834 with a collegiate department and an academic department. In January 1835 the Delaware legislature passed legislation specifically authorizing the academy trustees to suspend operations and to allow the educational responsibilities of the academy to be performed by the academic department of the college. If, however, the college ever ceased to have an academic department, the trustees of the academy were required to revive the academy. [12]


In 1843, the name of the college was changed to Delaware College.


The school closed from 1859 until 1870 (Newark Academy separated from the Delaware College in 1869). It reopened in 1870 due to the support of the Morrill Land-Grant Acts.[13] In 1921, Delaware College was renamed the University of Delaware, and it officially became a coeducational institution in 1945 when it merged with the nearby Women's College of Delaware.[14]


On October 23, 2009 the University of Delaware signed an agreement with Chrysler to purchase a 272-acre (1.10 km2) closed vehicle assembly plant adjacent to the university for expansion for $24.25 million as part of Chrysler's bankruptcy restructuring plan.[15] Plans call for this facility to be repurposed into a "world-class research facility".[16] Initial plans include the new home of the College of Health Science and the east coast headquarters of Bloom Energy.[17]


In 2010–11, the university conducted a feasibility study in support of plans to add a law school focused on corporate and patent law.[18] At its completion, the study suggested that the planned addition was not within the university's funding capability given the nation's economic climate at the time.[18] Capital expenses were projected at $100 million, and the operating deficit in the first ten years would be $165 million. The study assumed an initial class of two hundred students entering in the fall of 2015.[18]Widener University has Delaware's only law school as of 2011.[18]



Academics




The south green with Memorial Hall in the background and Magnolia Circle in the foreground.







































University rankings
National

ARWU[19]
61–70

Forbes[20]
137

U.S. News & World Report[21]
79

Washington Monthly[22]
95
Global

ARWU[23]
151–200

QS[24]
421–430

Times[25]
201–250

U.S. News & World Report[26]
271












USNWR graduate school rankings[27]


Education
37
Engineering
48
































































USNWR departmental rankings[27]


Chemical Engineering
9
Chemistry
60
City Management & Urban Policy
12
Clinical Psychology
47
Computer Science
70
Criminology
16
Earth Sciences
69
Engineering
58
History
64
Mathematics
73
Physics
77
Physical Therapy
2
Psychology
67
Public Affairs
37
Sociology
64

The university is organized into seven colleges:



  • College of Agriculture and Natural Resources

  • College of Arts and Sciences

  • Alfred Lerner College of Business and Economics

  • College of Earth, Ocean and Environment

  • College of Education and Human Development

  • College of Engineering

  • College of Health Sciences


There are also three schools:



  • School of Education (part of the College of Education & Human Development)

  • School of Marine Science and Policy (part of the College of Earth, Ocean & Environment)

  • School of Public Policy and Administration (part of the College of Arts & Sciences)[28]



Rankings


U.S. News & World Report ranked UD's undergraduate program tied for 79th among "national universities" and tied for 30th among public universities in 2017.[29]


Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked UD 145th nationally and between 251st and 300th internationally in 2019.[30]



Alfred Lerner College of Business and Economics




Memorial Hall, Home of UDel's English Department


The Bloomberg Businessweek review of the "Best Undergraduate B-Schools" ranked UD's Lerner College of Business and Economics 96th among the 187 U.S. programs reviewed.[31]


As of Fall 2014, University of Delaware offers Ph.D. in Financial Services Analytics (FSAN). The Ph.D. in FSAN is a cross-disciplinary program offered by the Alfred Lerner College of Business and Economics and the College of Engineering at the University of Delaware, and was funded in part by a grant from JPMorgan Chase. The program is the first of its kind.[32][33]



College of Arts and Sciences


Through the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Delaware students can choose from a vast array of concentrations. They can choose from programs in visual and performing arts, social sciences, natural sciences and many more.[34] The Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences is George Watson, who has been a UD faculty member in the Department of Physics and Astronomy since 1987.[35] In 2001, Watson helped launched the PBL Clearinghouse, and he has continued to serve as its managing editor since its creation. In 2004, he co-founded the Pan-American Network for Problem-Based Learning and maintains a leadership role in that organization.[36]



College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment


The College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment (CEOE), is made up of the Department of Geography, the Department of Geological Sciences, and the School of Marine Science and Policy. There are four programs in the School of Marine Science and Policy: Marine Biosciences, Oceanography, Physical Ocean Science and Engineering, and Marine Policy. The college offers over nine undergraduate majors and fourteen graduate degrees.[37]


Undergraduate science majors at UD have the opportunity to apply for the CEOE's Semester-in-Residence Program, in which students live and work at the Lewes campus which is located on the Delaware Bay. The Lewes campus has many advanced marine research facilities and is home to UD's R/V Hugh R. Sharp, a 146-foot, state-of-the-art coastal research vessel that operates as a member of the University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS).[38] Students work on a research project guided by a faculty member in addition to taking "introductory graduate level classes".[39] Additionally, any undergraduate student in the United States who is enrolled in a bachelor's degree program may apply for the college's Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) program.


In 2019, CCOE opened the Offshore Wind Skills Academy, the first US skills training program for offshore wind energy professionals.[40]


The college also offers may undergraduate study abroad opportunities to places such as New Zealand, Mexico, Bonaire, Fiji, Barbados, Austria, and London.[41]



College of Education and Human Development


Vision: The College of Education and Human Development will lead, inspire and engage our students, the citizens of Delaware, the nation, and the world in solving critical educational and social problems, and in promoting learning and development in all children and families.


The School of Education within the College of Education and Human Development (CEHD) is a nationally recognized and authoritative source of knowledge about the practices that impact students’ academic and social development and educators’ professional development. Some 54 faculty members work with over 900 students in the School's diverse undergraduate and graduate programs. The Department of Human Development and Family Sciences is an academic unit that prepares undergraduate and graduate students for a career in early childhood education, family studies or human services.
Graduate degrees offered include: M.A., M.Ed., Ed.D., and Ph.D. The UD College of Education is included among the best in the country being ranked 32nd (tie) among USA Colleges of Education. (US News and World Report Best Global University Ranking)



College of Engineering




Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering Laboratory


The U.S. News & World Report ranked the University of Delaware’s engineering graduate program as #47[42] and the undergraduate program as #55 in 2018[43]. U.S. News & World Report ranked both the undergraduate and graduate chemical engineering programs as #9 in the country in 2018.


The College of Engineering is home to seven academic departments offering bachelor’s degree, master’s degree and doctoral degree programs focused on challenges associated biopharmaceuticals, cybersecurity, data science, energy, the environment, human health, infrastructure, manufacturing, materials and nanofabrication. Undergraduate degrees are offered in biomedical engineering, chemical engineering, civil engineering, computer engineering, computer science, construction engineering and management, electrical engineering, environmental engineering, information systems, materials science and engineering, and mechanical engineering. As of fall 2017, the College of Engineering had 154 faculty, 2,384 undergraduate students and 966 graduate students.


The faculty includes 31 named professors, eight career development named professors, eight National Academy of Engineers members, 44 NSF career award winners and 17 University teaching award recipients. Initiatives led by college faculty include 15 college-based research centers and 14 university-based research institutes. Strategic partnerships with industry, government and academic institutions complement these initiatives, expanding the college's reputation and reach and cultivating a culture of interdisciplinary collaboration, leadership and entrepreneurship among future engineers.


The College of Engineering has a presence in approximately 20 different buildings on and off campus. This includes modern classrooms and research laboratories such as the Advanced Materials Characterization Lab and Nanofabrication Facility located in the Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering Laboratory. Student makerspaces also give undergraduates opportunities for hands-on learning. The university's Science, Technology and Advanced Research (STAR) Campus is expanding university-based research and shared research undertaken with corporate partners.



Divisions and institutes



Institute of Energy Conversion


The Institute of Energy Conversion (IEC) at the University of Delaware is the oldest solar energy research institute in the world. It was established by Karl Boer in 1972 to pioneer research on thin film solar cells and today is one of the only laboratories in the world with expertise in Si, CdTe, and CuInSe2 based solar cells. This included the development of one of the first solar powered homes, a structure still utilized by the university's student-run ambulance service, the University of Delaware Emergency Care Unit.[44] Recently the IEC was the number one recipient of the DOE Sunshot Initiative and was awarded 5 grants totaling $9.1 million to research next generation solar cells to reduce the cost of solar cells by 75% by the end of the decade.[45]



Disaster Research Center


The Disaster Research Center, or DRC, was the first social science research center in the world devoted to the study of disasters. It was established at Ohio State University in 1963 and moved to the University of Delaware in 1985. The Center conducts field and survey research on group, organizational and community preparation for, response to, and recovery from natural and technological disasters and other community-wide crises. DRC researchers have carried out systematic studies on a broad range of disaster types, including hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, hazardous chemical incidents, and plane crashes. DRC has also done research on civil disturbances and riots, including the 1992 Los Angeles unrest. Staff have conducted nearly 700 field studies since the Center's inception, traveling to communities throughout the United States and internationally, including Mexico, Canada, Japan, Italy, and Turkey. Core faculty members are from the Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and the School of Public Policy and Administration. The staff also includes postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, undergraduates and research support personnel.



Delaware Biotechnology Institute


The Delaware Biotechnology Institute, or DBI, was organized as an academic unit of the University of Delaware in 1999 and moved into dedicated research facilities in 2001. DBI supports a statewide partnership of higher education, industry, medical, and government communities committed to the discovery and application of interdiscplinary knowledge in biotechnology and the life sciences. With some 180 people resident in the DBI facilities, including 20–25 faculty members representing 12 departments, 140 graduate and post-graduate students, and 20 professional staff members, DBI emphasizes a multi-disciplinary approach to life-science research. The core research areas pursued by DBI-affiliated faculty include agriculture, human health, marine environmental genomics, biomaterials, and computational biology/bioinformatics. Research in these and other areas is done in collaboration with faculty at Delaware State University, Delaware Technical and Community College, Wesley College, Christiana Care Health System, and Nemours Hospital for Children. One of the primary objectives of the Institute is to provide state-of-the-art research equipment to facilitate life science research and six core instrumentation centers and specialized facilities, each under the direction of an experienced researcher or administrator, is supported at DBI and made available to university researchers.



Delaware Environmental Institute


The Delaware Environmental Institute (DENIN) launched on October 23, 2009. DENIN is charged with conducting research and promoting and coordinating knowledge partnerships that integrate environmental science, engineering and policy.[46]



University of Delaware Energy Institute


The University of Delaware Energy Institute (UDEI) was inaugurated September 19, 2008. UDEI has been selected to receive a $3 million a year grant for advanced solar research.[47]



John L. Weinberg Center for Corporate Governance


The John L. Weinberg Center for Corporate Governance was established in 2000 at the Alfred Lerner College of Business and Economics. Its aim is to propose changes in corporate structure and management through education and interaction. The Center provides a forum for those interested in corporate governance issues.[48]



Joseph R. Biden Institute


In February 2017, the School of Public Policy and Administration announced the creation of the Joseph R. Biden Institute, named after alumnus and former Vice President of the United States.[49]



Students and admissions












































University of Delaware Admissions Statistics (2018)[50]
Applicants
26,491
Acceptance Rate
42% out of state, 66% (DE)
First Year Students
1,377 (DE), 2,872 out of state
High School GPA Average
3.8
SAT Average, ACT
1275, 27–31
Freshman Class Size
4161
Number of Study Abroad Locations
35+
Undergraduate Colleges
7
Academic Offerings
150+ majors, 76+ minors
Undergraduate Student-Faculty Ratio
12:1

The student body at the University of Delaware is primarily an undergraduate population. The university offers more than 135 undergraduate degrees and, due to the number of academic options, many students complete dual degrees as well as double majors and minors. UD students have access to work and internship opportunities, worldwide study abroad programs, research and service learning programs.



Campus


In 1891, prominent Philadelphia architect Frank Furness designed Recitation Hall.[51]


Several buildings (Wolf, Sussex, and Harter Halls) were designed by Frank Miles Day who also designed the formal campus landscape. From 1918 to 1952, Marian Cruger Coffin was appointed the university's landscape architect, a position which required her to unite the university's two separate campuses (the men's to the north and the women's to the south) into one cohesive design.[52] This was a challenge since the linear mall design of each was out of alignment with the other. Coffin solved this problem by linking them with a circle instead of curving the straight paths (Morris Library faces this circle today) which rendered the misalignment unnoticeable to the pedestrian.[53]


North, or Laird, Campus, formerly home to the Pencader Complex, has been entirely redesigned and renamed Independence Complex. This began with the construction of a Marriott Courtyard run by the HRIM (Hotel Restaurant and Institutional Management) department. Four residence hall buildings have been built, three named after the three University alumni who signed the Declaration of Independence, George Read, Thomas McKean, and James Smith (who signed for Pennsylvania), the fourth residence hall was named Independence Hall.[54]


The David and Louise Roselle Center For The Arts, with facilities for the school's music and theater programs, was opened in 2006. Also in 2006, Jastak-Burgess Hall opened and is home to the Department of Foreign Languages and Literature. In 1998, Gore Hall opened on the Green and connects to Smith Hall via an overpass on South College Avenue. In 2013, two new residence halls, named after former college president Eliphalet Gilbert and Delaware Civil Rights pioneer Louis L. Redding, were opened on the East Campus housing complex.[55]



Administration


In 2016, the UD Board of Trustees elected Dennis Assanis as the next President of the University of Delaware. Nancy Targett, former Dean of the University's College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment was the interim president of UD, following UD President Patrick Harker's departure in 2015 to serve as the President of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.[56]



Funding


The university receives funding from a variety of sources as a consequence of its historical origins. Among those sources is the State of Delaware operating budget. In fiscal year 2016, the proportion of the university's funding coming from state appropriations was 12%.[57]


The University also has partnerships with foundations and corporations that donate to the university per year. Some of the 2017 donors include AmazonSmile, Comcast Corporation and Google Inc.[58]



Study abroad


The University of Delaware was the first American university to begin a study abroad program, which was later adopted by many other institutions.[59] The program began when Professor Raymond Watson Kirkbride took a group of 9 students to Paris, France during the fall semester of 1923. Since this initial trip, the University of Delaware has expanded its study abroad program, which now encompasses over 80 different programs in more than 40 subjects to over 45 countries making it one of the largest programs in the country. As of 2006–2007, approximately 45% of all Delaware undergraduate students take advantage of study abroad experiences prior to completing their baccalaureate degrees.


Delaware's study abroad program offers many options for students. Undergraduates have the option of studying abroad for a five-week winter or summer session, or an entire semester.[60]



Athletics






Dupont Hall on the Central Green, College of Engineering


The athletic teams at Delaware are known as the Fightin' Blue Hens with a mascot named YoUDee. YoUDee is a Blue Hen Chicken, after the team names and the state bird of Delaware. YoUDee was elected into the mascot hall of fame in 2006, and is a 7-time UCA Open Division Mascot National Champion.[61]


UD offers 21 varsity sports, which compete in the NCAA Division-I (FCS for football). Delaware is a member of the Colonial Athletic Association (CAA) in all sports. Delaware was a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference in football until the 2006 season. The Fightin' Blue Hens football teams have won six national titles, including the 2003 NCAA I-AA Championship. In 2007, the Delaware Blue Hens were the runners up in the NCAA I-AA National Championship game, but were defeated by (defending champions) Appalachian State. In 2010, the Delaware Blue Hens were again runners up in the National Championship game, losing to Eastern Washington 20–19 after being up 19–0 earlier in the game.


Former head football coaches Bill Murray, Dave Nelson and Harold "Tubby" Raymond are College Football Hall of Fame inductees. Delaware is one of only two schools to have three straight head coaches inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame (Georgia Tech is the other).[62] Delaware's only other NCAA National Championships came in 1983 for Women's Division I Lacrosse[63] and on November 20, 2016, when the Delaware women's field hockey team won the school's first NCAA Division I national championship, defeating North Carolina, 3-2.


The Blue Hens have won twenty-two CAA Championships since joining in 2001: one for the 2015 women's golf team, the women's 2004-2009-2013-2014-2015-2016 field hockey teams, the 2007-2010-2011 men's lacrosse teams, the 2014 men's basketball team, the 2005-2012-2013 women's basketball teams, the 2007-2008-2010-2011 women's volleyball teams, the 2012–2016 men's soccer teams, the 2014 women's track and field team, and the 2010 football team (shared with William & Mary). (Unofficially, the women's rowing team has won the CAA title four times since 2001, placing second the other two times.) The 2007 men's lacrosse program reached the final four of the NCAA Tournament for the first time in its history.


On March 7, 2012, the Division 1 men's ice hockey team won the ACHA National Championship. UD defeated Oakland University 5–1, capturing its first title.


"The Delaware Fight Song" first appeared in the Student Handbook in 1933.[64] It was composed by alumnus George F. Kelly (Class of 1915).



Intrastate competition


In November 2007, it was announced that the University of Delaware and Delaware State University would have their first game against each other, the game being in the first round of the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision playoffs. The game was played on November 23, with University of Delaware winning 44–7.[65] Delaware has won all of the regular season match-ups, which have been called the Route 1 Rivalry. Future contests were held during the 2013–2014 college year.



Music




Brown and Sypherd Hall; residence halls on the North Green


The University of Delaware has a variety of musical performance opportunities available to students, including a wind ensemble, orchestra, symphonic band. There are also a number of jazz groups available, including two large ensembles, and a smaller group that focus on improvisation. All ensembles are open by audition to all students at the university, and can be taken either for credit or for no credit. The school also has a steel drum ensemble, and an early music ensemble. There are also a variety of choral ensembles, including the University of Delaware Chorale, an all-women's choir, and three choirs, also open to community members, that constitute the Schola Cantorum. The music department's home is the Amy E. du Pont Music Building, named for Amy Elizabeth du Pont, a prominent benefactor of the university during the 20th century.


In addition, the University of Delaware is known for having one of the best marching bands on the east coast, the University of Delaware Fightin' Blue Hen Marching Band. The band ranges from 300 to 350 members every year and can be seen performing at every home football game as well as at various festivals and competitions, including the Collegiate Marching Band Festival in Allentown. Additionally, the marching band was selected to perform in the 56th Presidential Inaugural Parade in 2009.[66]


In 2006, the new Center for the Arts building opened. This building has a number of recital halls and a large number of practice rooms, most with upright pianos. The practice rooms are locked and cannot be used by students who are not music majors or in an official UD ensemble. The university employs a tiered access system, with larger rooms and rooms with grand pianos being reserved for certain groups of students. In addition the music department also uses their old building, with offices, classrooms, practice rooms, and recital halls. This building has public-access practice rooms with pianos.


In 2005, the University of Delaware Chorale, under the direction of Paul D. Head and accompanied by Betsy Kent, were invited to perform at the American Choral Directors Association's International Convention in Los Angeles. In April 2007, the Chorale won the Grand Prix at the Tallinn International Choral Festival in Estonia, having scored higher than 40 other choirs from around the world. In 2010 the Chorale competed in two categories of the 42nd Annual Tolosa Choral Competition in Tolosa, Spain; They received a Bronze and a Silver award. UD-16, a chamber ensemble of Chorale also competed in Tolosa in two categories and won two Silver awards. In the Summer of 2012 the Chorale was the only American College Choir to be invited to the International Society for Music Education Conference in Thessaloniki, Greece; the UD Steele Ensemble was also invited. On that same tour, the chorale placed in a close 2nd at the Grand Prix of the 25th Bela Bartok International Choral Competition. In 2000, the music department purchased an 18th-century Ceruti violin for professor and violinist Xiang Gao.


The university also has a student run radio station, 91.3 WVUD, as well as several a cappella groups including one all-female, one all-male, and five mixed groups.



Student life



Tuition


As of the fall of 2017, the price per semester for Delaware residents is $12,746, and $22,741 for non-resident students. Total cost of attendance for the 2017–18 school year for Delaware residents is approximately $25,492, and approximately $45,482 for non-residents.[67]



Media




Trabant University Center


There are currently four student publications at Delaware: The Review, DEconstruction Magazine, UDress, and The Main Street Journal, as well as radio and television stations.



Print


The Review is a weekly publication, released in print and online on Tuesdays. It is an independent publication and receives no financial support from the university. It is distributed at several locations across campus, including Morris Library, the Perkins Student Center and the Trabant University Center, as well as various academic buildings and the dining halls. The Review's office is located at 250 Perkins Student Center, facing Academy Street, and is above the offices of WVUD. In 2004, it was a National Newspaper Pacemaker Award Finalist, and was also named one of the ten best non-daily college newspapers by the Associated Collegiate Press.[68] It currently has a print circulation of 10,000.


In 2002, DEconstruction Magazine was formed "to create a forum for student writing that fell outside of journalism or creative writing. Traditionally, DEconstruction focused on an editorial style of writing to discuss everything from politics to pop culture."[69]


UDress magazine is the on-campus fashion magazine which publishes one issue per semester, in conjuncture with fashion events.


The Mainstreet Journal focuses on creative writing.


Another student magazine, aUDio, was announced in fall 2007. They aim to be "the University of Delaware's first online music magazine."[70]



Broadcast


The student-run, non-commercial, educational radio station at Delaware broadcasts on 91.3 and uses the call letters WVUD, which the university purchased from the University of Dayton in the 1980s. Although not its intended call letter pronunciation, 'VUD has taken on the slogan "the Voice of the University of Delaware." They are licensed by the city of Newark, Delaware and broadcasts with a power of 1,000 watts 24 hours a day with its offices and studios located in the Perkins Student Center.[71]


The transmitting facilities are located atop the Christiana East Tower residence hall. WVUD is operated by University of Delaware students, a University staff of two, and community members. No prior radio experience is necessary, nor is there a need to enroll in any certain major to become a part of WVUD. The radio station has a variety of programming, featuring both music and talk formats.


STN is the student-run, non-commercial, educational television station at the University of Delaware. The station broadcasts second-run movies, original student produced content as well as live sports coverage. The initials, STN, originally stood for Shane Thomas Network, later changed to Student Television Network.[72]



Greek life


Approximately 25% of the University of Delaware's undergraduate student population is affiliated with a fraternity or sorority.[73] There are over 26 fraternities and 20 sororities (chapters & colonies) in the Interfraternity Council (IFC), National Panhellenic Conference (NPC), and Multicultural Greek Congress (MGC). They all coordinate via the Greek Council. All Greek organizations participate in an accreditation process called the Chapter Assessment Program (CAP).[74] CAP ratings award chapters with either a Gold, Silver, Bronze, Satisfactory or Needs Improvement designation. This system is an expansion from the Five Star program of the late 1990s, requiring contributions to community service, philanthropy, university events, diversity education, professional education, a chapter/colony GPA greater than or equal to the all men's or all women's average, and attendance and compliance with numerous other criteria.


Active fraternities include Alpha Phi Alpha, Kappa Alpha Psi, Phi Beta Sigma, Lambda Sigma Upsilon, Pi Alpha Phi, Phi Kappa Psi, Delta Tau Delta, Delta Sigma Pi, Alpha Sigma Phi, Kappa Delta Rho, Kappa Sigma, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Alpha Gamma Rho, Lambda Chi Alpha, Sigma Pi, Sigma Phi Delta, Theta Chi, Kappa Alpha Order, Pi Kappa Phi, Zeta Beta Tau, Sigma Nu, Phi Gamma Delta, and Sigma Phi Epsilon.


Active sororities include Delta Sigma Theta, Alpha Kappa Alpha, Zeta Phi Beta, Lambda Theta Alpha, Chi Upsilon Sigma, Lambda Pi Chi, Delta Phi Lambda, Phi Sigma Sigma, Alpha Delta Pi, Alpha Xi Delta, Gamma Phi Beta, Alpha Epsilon Phi, Chi Omega, Sigma Kappa, Alpha Phi, Delta Gamma, Alpha Sigma Alpha, Pi Beta Phi, Delta Delta Delta, and Kappa Alpha Theta.



Alcohol abuse


A campus website claims that a 1993 study by the Harvard School of Public Health found that high-risk drinking at UD exceeded the national norm. On this survey, a majority of students reported binge drinking more than once in a two-week interval. The average consumption for students was nine drinks per week, while 29% reported that they drink on 10 or more occasions per month. UD students were found to be more aware of policies, prevention programs, and enforcement risks than the national average.[75]


In 2005, on the Newark campus of the university 1140 students were picked up by the campus police for alcohol-related violations. Of these, 120 led to arrests. These figures are up from previous years, 1062 in 2004 and 1026 in 2003.[76] This represents approximately 6% of the student population.[77]


At least one student organization has undertaken the goal of "providing fun activities for those who chose not to drink" and to "promote the idea that one doesn't need alcohol to have a good time."[78]


In 2008, a University of Delaware freshman died of alcohol poisoning after attending a party hosted by members of the Sigma Alpha Mu fraternity, where the student was pledging.[79]


Although the university has attempted to make efforts in preventing alcohol abuse, a student visiting from another college died on March 19, 2016 in an alcohol-related incident.[80] The student was standing alone on the roof of an off-campus fraternity, and slipped off it.



Shuttle service




University of Delaware shuttle bus


The University of Delaware operates multiple shuttle routes called "UD Shuttle" that serve the campus. The North/South Academy route runs the north-south length of the campus via Academy Street and offers daily service, with late night service Friday and Saturday. The North/South College route runs the north-south length of the campus via College Avenue and offers service on weekdays. The East Loop route runs a loop through the eastern part of the campus and Newark and offers daily service, with late night service Friday and Saturday. The West Loop route runs a loop through the western part of the campus and Newark and offers daily service, with late night service Friday and Saturday. The Early Bird route offers early morning weekday service serving the north-south length of the campus while the Late Bird route offers late night service daily serving the north-south length of the campus.[81]



Health


The University of Delaware Emergency Care Unit (UDECU) is a registered student organization at the university, which provides emergency medical services to the campus and surrounding community. UDECU has approximately 50 members, all of which are volunteers and students at the University of Delaware. UDECU operates one basic life support ambulance (UD-1), one first response vehicle (UD-2), and a bike team.[82][83]Advanced life support is provided by New Castle County Emergency Medical Services.



Controversies



Power plant


The university agreed to lease 43 acres on the STAR campus to The Data Centers (TDC) for the construction of the data center. The data center plan included a combined heat cycle natural gas-fired power plant capable of generating 279 megawatts of energy.[84] TDC claimed that the power plant was critical to ensuring an uninterrupted electrical power supply to the facility, which is critical for data integrity. The TDC business plan also called for sale of excess electricity. Portions of the Newark community questioned the business plan, claiming that the power plant is not an auxiliary part of the data center but a separate industrial use, which would violate the zoning of the STAR campus.[85]


On April 28, 2014, the City of Newark Board of Adjustment upheld its April 19, 2014 ruling that the power plant is an accessory to the data center and that no rezoning was required.[86] The ruling is presently under appeal. The University of Delaware's Sustainability Task Force sent an open letter to President Harker citing concerns that the project violates the university's strategic plan and Climate Action Plan.[87] On May 4, 2014, the University Faculty Senate voted 43 to 0 (with 8 abstentions) to recommend to the administration that it not allow construction of The Data Center on UD's STAR campus if The Data Center includes any fossil-fuel-burning power plant.[88][89] On July 10, 2014 the university announced that it was terminating the lease for the project.[90]



Orientation


In the fall of 2007, the university implemented a new residence-life education program that was criticized for forcing students into polarizing discussions. The program was abandoned in November.[91]



Notable alumni and faculty



Notable alumni of the University of Delaware include the 47th Vice President of the United States and former U.S. Senator Joe Biden (B.A. 1965); former Second Lady of the United States Jill Biden (B.A. 1976); former New Jersey Governor Chris Christie (B.A. 1984); campaign manager David Plouffe (B.A. 2010); Nobel Prize-winning microbiologist Daniel Nathans (B.S. 1950) and organic chemist Richard F. Heck; Henry C Brinton (BS Physics, 1957) Director of Research Division at NASA; Rwandan Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, Louise Mushikiwabo (M.A. 1988);[92] the former president of Emory University James W. Wagner (B.A. 1975)[citation needed];Chicago Bears Head Coach Matt Nagy; and Super Bowl XLVII's MVP Joe Flacco.




Partner Institution



Malaysia


  • Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman


References





  1. ^ As of June 30, 2016. "U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year (FY) 2016 Endowment Market Value and Change in Endowment Market Value from FY 2015 to FY 2016" (PDF). National Association of College and University Business Officers and Commonfund Institute. 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 15, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "Number of faculty by rank and tenure status Fall 2008 Through Fall 2012". University of Delaware.


  3. ^ abc "UD CONTINUES ENROLLMENT BOOM". University of Delaware Institutional Research. October 15, 2018.


  4. ^ "University of Delaware". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved February 7, 2018.


  5. ^ "University of Delaware Brand Platform Style Guide" (PDF). November 15, 2017. Retrieved November 20, 2017.


  6. ^ "Welcome to the University of Delaware". University of Delaware. Retrieved March 10, 2016.


  7. ^ "Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education". Carnegie Foundation for the advancement of teaching.


  8. ^ "Welcome to Study Abroad". University of Delaware. Retrieved January 25, 2016.


  9. ^ Office of Communications and Marketing. "The History of the University of Delaware". University of Delaware. Retrieved October 26, 2015.


  10. ^ Munroe, John A., The University of Delaware: A History (Newark: University of Delaware 1986)


  11. ^ 1818 Delaware Laws, Ch. 157.


  12. ^ 1835 Delaware Laws, Ch. 314.


  13. ^ Thomas, Grace Powers, ed. (1898). Where to educate, 1898–1899. A guide to the best private schools, higher institutions of learning, etc., in the United States. Boston: Brown and Company. p. 40. OCLC 31539533. Retrieved August 17, 2012.


  14. ^ "College for Delaware women formally established in October 1914". UDaily. University of Delaware. October 7, 2014. Retrieved September 19, 2015. See also: The Blue Hen, Classes of 1920/1921, p. 8 (retrieved December 14, 2017).


  15. ^ "UDel, Chrysler reach agreement for plant sale". The News Journal. Wilmington, Delaware. October 23, 2009. Archived from the original on 2009.
    closed access



  16. ^ Montgomery, Jeff (May 14, 2011). "Cleaning up contamination". The News Journal. New Castle, Delaware. DelawareOnline. Archived from the original on May 14, 2011. Retrieved May 14, 2011.


  17. ^ Malcolm, Wade (May 29, 2012). "UDel unveils plans for Chrysler site". The News Journal. New Castle, Delaware. DelawareOnline. Archived from the original on July 23, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
    closed access



  18. ^ abcd Malcolm, Wade (May 7, 2011). "University of Delaware law school project delayed". The News Journal. Wilmington, Delaware. DelawareOnline. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved May 7, 2011. Only first of three online pages archived.


  19. ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2018: USA". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved November 19, 2018.


  20. ^ "America's Top Colleges 2018". Forbes. Retrieved November 19, 2018.


  21. ^ "Best Colleges 2019: National Universities Rankings". U.S. News & World Report. November 19, 2018.


  22. ^ "2018 Rankings - National Universities". Washington Monthly. Retrieved November 19, 2018.


  23. ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2018". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. 2018. Retrieved November 19, 2018.


  24. ^ "QS World University Rankings® 2018". Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 2017. Retrieved November 19, 2018.


  25. ^ "World University Rankings 2019". THE Education Ltd. Retrieved November 19, 2018.


  26. ^ "Best Global Universities Rankings: 2019". U.S. News & World Report LP. Retrieved November 19, 2018.


  27. ^ ab "University of Delaware: Overall Rankings". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved November 9, 2015.


  28. ^ "Online MPA Degree". University of Delaware. September 29, 2015. Archived from the original on October 5, 2016. Retrieved October 19, 2016.


  29. ^ "U.S. News Best Colleges Rankings - University of Delaware". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved September 14, 2016.


  30. ^ https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-delaware


  31. ^ "Undergraduate Business School Programs". Bloomberg Businessweek. 2014. Retrieved November 9, 2015.


  32. ^ "PhD Financial Services Analytics: Program Information". Alfred Lerner College of Business and Economics, University of Delaware. Archived from the original on June 6, 2014. Retrieved June 10, 2014.


  33. ^ "Program Introduction". Alfred Lerner College of Business and Economics, University of Delaware. February 15, 2014. Archived from the original on July 16, 2014. Retrieved August 14, 2014.


  34. ^ "College of Arts & Sciences". University of Delaware. Retrieved October 26, 2015.


  35. ^ "George Watson's CV". University of Delaware. Retrieved May 19, 2016.


  36. ^ "George H. Watson named dean of UD's College of Arts and Sciences". UDaily. University of Delaware. March 2010. Retrieved May 19, 2016.


  37. ^ "College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on August 17, 2011. Retrieved August 21, 2011.


  38. ^ "R/V Hugh R. Sharp". University of Delaware College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment. Retrieved December 4, 2013.


  39. ^ "CEOE Semester-in-Residence Program". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on January 1, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012.


  40. ^ Hanley, Steve (February 6, 2019). "University Of Delaware Sets Up Courses To Train Offshore Wind Professionals". CleanTechnica. Retrieved February 12, 2019.


  41. ^ "CEOE Undergraduate Offerings". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on January 2, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012.


  42. ^ "U.S. News and World Report, University of Delaware, Engineering School Overview". Archived from the original on April 4, 2017.


  43. ^ "U.S. News and World Report, University of Delaware rankings". Archived from the original on May 19, 2017.


  44. ^ "UDECU". University of Delaware. Retrieved August 12, 2012.


  45. ^ "IEC". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on June 18, 2012. Retrieved August 12, 2012.


  46. ^ "Delaware Environmental Institute". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on July 24, 2012. Retrieved August 7, 2012.


  47. ^ "UDel ENERGY INSTITUTE". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on June 10, 2010. Retrieved July 3, 2010.


  48. ^ "About Us | John L. Weinberg Center for Corporate Governance". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on April 30, 2013. Retrieved June 3, 2013.


  49. ^ "UDECU". University of Delaware. Retrieved May 29, 2017.


  50. ^ "University of Delaware". University of Delaware. 2018. Archived from the original on October 15, 2018. Retrieved October 15, 2018.


  51. ^ "Image Gallery: Delaware State College Recitation Hall". Philadelphia Architects and Buildings. Athenaeum of Philadelphia. 2013. Archived from the original on February 24, 2012. Retrieved July 25, 2013.


  52. ^ Ben-Joseph, E., Ben-Joseph, H.D., & Dodge, A.C. Against all Odds: MIT's Pioneering Women of Landscape Architecture. MIT, Cambridge, MA, 2006.


  53. ^ Hail, M.W. "The Art of Landscaping". University of Delaware Messenger, Vol. 2, No. 2, p. 4, (Winter) 1993.


  54. ^ "University of Delaware Facilities Website – Residence Halls Information". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on October 31, 2010. Retrieved December 12, 2010.


  55. ^ McNeill, Rose (August 27, 2013). "UDel classes begin; new East Campus dorms open". The Newark Post. Newark, DE. Retrieved May 11, 2015.


  56. ^ Cherry, Amy (March 13, 2015). "University of Delaware names interim president". WDEL. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved May 11, 2015.


  57. ^ "UD Facts and Figures 2015-2016" (PDF).


  58. ^ "Annual Report of Donors". udapps.nss.udel.edu. Retrieved June 19, 2018.


  59. ^ Kochanek, Lisa (July 7, 1923). "Study abroad celebrates 75th anniversary". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on April 8, 2010. Retrieved December 12, 2010.


  60. ^ The College Buzz Book. Vault Inc. 2006. p. 161. ISBN 9781581313994. Retrieved September 19, 2015.


  61. ^ "YoUDee Profile". BlueHens.com. University of Delaware. Retrieved June 1, 2017.


  62. ^ "Tubby Raymond named to College Football Hall of Fame". UDaily. University of Delaware. April 25, 2003. Archived from the original on July 3, 2009. Retrieved December 12, 2010.


  63. ^ "Division I Women's Lacrosse 25th Anniversary Team". April 13, 2006. Archived from the original on April 17, 2006. Retrieved January 27, 2011.


  64. ^ "The History of the University of Delaware". University of Delaware. History at a glance. Archived from the original on February 1, 2010. Retrieved March 15, 2010.


  65. ^ Tresolini, Kevin (November 24, 2007). "Dominating: Cuff leads Blue Hens past Delaware State, 44–7". The News Journal. New Castle, Delaware. Archived from the original on December 19, 2007. Retrieved November 25, 2007.
    closed access



  66. ^ "University's marching band selected for inaugural parade". UDaily. University of Delaware. December 9, 2008. Archived from the original on April 22, 2009. Retrieved December 12, 2010.


  67. ^ "Undergraduate Tuition and Related Fees".


  68. ^ "About The Review". 2009. Archived from the original on May 1, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2013.


  69. ^ "About « DEconstruction Magazine". Deconstruction.wordpress.com. Archived from the original on March 2, 2009. Retrieved December 12, 2010.


  70. ^ "Audiomag.org". Archived from the original on March 15, 2008. Retrieved November 19, 2007.


  71. ^ "About WVUD". Wvud.org. Archived from the original on June 20, 2013. Retrieved July 26, 2013.


  72. ^ "Student Television Network". Stn49.tv. December 2, 2010. Archived from the original on April 1, 2009. Retrieved December 12, 2010.


  73. ^ University Student Centers. "Why Go Greek?". The University of Delaware. Retrieved July 14, 2015.


  74. ^ "Chapter Assessment Program". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on November 17, 2010. Retrieved August 31, 2006.


  75. ^ "Bishop, Binge Drinking in College". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on August 28, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2007.


  76. ^ "Crime Statistics". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on September 18, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2007.


  77. ^ "Facts and Figures". University of Delaware. January 2010. Retrieved December 12, 2010.


  78. ^ "V8 Presents Opt 4". University of Delaware. Archived from the original on December 24, 2009. Retrieved January 4, 2007.


  79. ^ Wang, Katie S. (November 9, 2008). "N.J. freshman dies from suspected alcohol poisoning at University of Delaware". The Star-Ledger. Retrieved November 9, 2011.


  80. ^ "Student's death reveals gaps in policing parties". delawareonline. Retrieved March 28, 2016.


  81. ^ "Transportation - Bus Routes". University of Delaware. Retrieved April 18, 2018.


  82. ^ Steele, Karen (September 1, 1998). "Students Have Own Emergency Unit". National Collegiate EMS Foundation. Archived from the original on December 2, 2007.


  83. ^ "UDel Emergency Care Unit marks 30 years of service". UDaily. University of Delaware. July 18, 2006. Retrieved October 26, 2015.


  84. ^ "September 3 Public Meeting- Questions and Answers" (Press release). September 3, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 3, 2014. Retrieved May 2, 2014.


  85. ^ Min, Shirley (April 9, 2014). "Delaware data center fight powers". NewsWorks. WHYY. Archived from the original on May 3, 2014. Retrieved May 2, 2014.


  86. ^ Nann Burke, Melissa (April 29, 2014). "Newark board upholds vote on gas-fired power plant". The News Journal. Wilmington, DE. Retrieved May 2, 2014.


  87. ^ Nann Burke, Melissa (April 17, 2014). "Campus task force says plant at odds with UD values". The News Journal. Wilmington, DE. Retrieved May 2, 2014.


  88. ^ Tuono, Nicolette (May 5, 2014). "Faculty Senate: Power plant not consistent with university's core values". UD Review. Archived from the original on May 13, 2014. Retrieved May 12, 2014.


  89. ^ Burke, Melissa Nann (May 6, 2014). "UDel faculty opposes gas-fired power plant". The News Journal. Retrieved May 12, 2014.


  90. ^ "UD terminates Data Centers project for STAR Campus". UDaily. University of Delaware. July 10, 2014. Retrieved October 26, 2015.


  91. ^ Eric Hoover (November 16, 2007). "U. of Delaware abandons sessions on diversity" (PDF). The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved April 29, 2017.


  92. ^ Twagilimana, Aimable (November 6, 2015). Historical Dictionary of Rwanda. ISBN 9781442255913.




External links








  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata

  • Delaware Athletics website


  •  "Delaware College" . Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.


  • Wikisource-logo.svg "Delaware College" . New International Encyclopedia. 1905.




Coordinates: 39°40′42″N 75°45′4″W / 39.67833°N 75.75111°W / 39.67833; -75.75111







Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Information security

Lambak Kiri

章鱼与海女图