Mixing
壯傣語支
「台语支」重定向至此。關於臺灣的泉漳閩南語，詳見「台灣話」。body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.infobox caption{text-align:center}
| 壮傣语支 | |
|---|---|
| 地理分佈： | 南中國（廣西、貴州、雲南及廣東）、東南亞 |
谱系学分类： | 壯侗語系
|
| 分支： | 北部 中部 西南部 |
| 语言代码 | |
ISO 639-2 / 5: | tai |
– | |
泰語支（又称傣語支、台語支、壮傣语支、壮泰语支、壮台语支）是壯侗語系侗台語族中的一个語支，卽汉藏语系传统分类中壮侗语族壮傣语支的语言。包括壮语、布依语、傣语（在中國境內）、泰语、老挝语、掸语、岱依语、侬语、坎底语、阿豪姆语（均不在中國境內）等。说泰語的民族统称泰語民族。
目录
1 台語和泰語
2 原始泰語和語音演變
3 泰語之系谱
4 舉例
5 參考文獻
6 延伸閱讀
7 外部連結
台語和泰語
泰語是泰国的一种语言。泰是泰族的自称，泰语作ไทย .mw-parser-output .IPA{font-family:"Charis SIL","Doulos SIL","Linux Libertine","Segoe UI","Lucida Sans Unicode","Code2000","Gentium","Gentium Alternative","TITUS Cyberbit Basic","Arial Unicode MS","IPAPANNEW","Chrysanthi Unicode","GentiumAlt","Bitstream Vera","Bitstream Cyberbit","Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro","Lucida Grande",sans-serif;text-decoration:none!important}.mw-parser-output .IPA a:link,.mw-parser-output .IPA a:visited{text-decoration:none!important}[tʰaj˥˧]，英语作Thai。台语是对台语支语言的统称，包括泰语和其他众多语言。台字英语作Tai。
原始泰語和語音演變
參見侗台語族#原始侗台語和侗台語族#語音演變。
泰語之系谱
泰語支 Tai
北部台语支
布依语 (pcc) (中国)
傣俛语/傣曼语 (tmp) (老挝)- Yoy (yoy) (泰国)
- 北壮语 (曾用代码ccx)
- 桂边壮语 (zgn)
- 柳江壮语 (zlj)
- 丘北壮语 (zqe)
- 桂北壮语 (zgb)
- 右江壮语 (zyj)
- 中红水河壮语 (zch)
- 东红水河壮语 (zeh)
- 柳黔壮语 (zlq)
- 邕北壮语 (zyb)
- 连山壮语 (zln)
中部台语支
- 南壮语 (曾用代码ccy)
- 砚广壮语 (zhn)
- 德靖壮语 (zyg)
- 民讲 (zgm)
- 邕南壮语 (zyn)
- 左江壮语 (zzj)
- 文马壮语 (zhd)
高栏语 (mlc) (越南)
侬语 (nut) (越南)- Ts'ün-Lao (tsl) (越南)
岱依语 (tyz) (越南)
- 南壮语 (曾用代码ccy)
- 中东部
- 西北部
荼隆语 (try) (印度)
- 西北部
西南部
傣雅语 (cuu) (中国)- 中东部
- Chiang Saeng
- Phuan (phu) (泰国)
红傣语 (tyr) (越南)
傣担语 (blt) (越南)
傣端语 (twh) (越南)- Tai Hang Tong (thc) (越南)
- Tày Tac (tyt) (越南)
泰语 (tha) (泰国)
傣宋語 (soa) (泰国)
北部泰语 (nod) (泰国)- Thu Lao (tyl) (越南)
- Chiang Saeng
- 老挝-孚泰(Lao-Puthai)
老挝语 (lao) (老挝)
侥语 (nyw) (泰国)
孚泰语 (pht) (泰国)
依善泰语 (tts) (泰国)
- 西北
阿豪姆语 (aho) (印度)
傣艾通語 (aio) (印度)
傣仂语 (khb) (中国)
坎提语 (kht) (缅甸)
傣痕语 (kkh) (缅甸)
坎揚语 (ksu) (印度)
帕基語 (phk) (印度)
掸语 (shn) (缅甸)
傣哪语 (tdd) (中国)
- Pa Di (pdi) (中国)
普格语 (puk) (老挝)- 南部
南部泰语 (sou) (泰国)
傣龙语 (thi) (老挝)- Tai Thanh (tmm) (越南)
- Tày Sa Pa (tys) (越南)
- 未分类
红金傣语（分散在红河和金沙江沿岸等地） (tiz) (中国)- Yong (yno) (泰国)
- Rien (rie) (老挝)
- Tay Khang (tnu) (老挝)
- Tai Pao (tpo) (老挝)
- Tai Do (tyj) (越南)
- 未分类
- Kuan (uan) (老挝)
有人认为石语属于台語支北部组。还有人认为临高语也属于台語支。
舉例
| 詞彙 | 泰语 | 老挝语 | 蘭納语 | 伊善语 | 掸语 | 傣仂语 | 壮语 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 风 | /lom/ | /lóm/ | /lom/ | /lom/ | /lom4/ | /lom/ | /lum˧˩/ |
| 城 | /mɯaŋ/ | /mɯaŋ/ | /mɯaŋ/ | /mɯaŋ/ | /mɤŋ4/ | /mœŋ/ | /mɯŋ6/ |
| 陆 | /din/ | /din/ | /din/ | /din/ | /lǐn1/ | /din/ | /tin6/ |
| 火 | /fai/ | /fái/ | /fai/ | /fai/ | /pʰaj4/ or /fai4/ | /fai/ | /fei2/ |
| 心脏 | /hŭa tɕai/ | /hǔa cài/ | /hua tɕai/ | /hua tɕai/ | /ho1 tsaɯ1/ | /hua tɕai/ | /taɯ / |
| 爱 | /rák/ | /hāk/ | /hag/ | /hag/ | /hak5/ | /hag/ | /nat2/ |
| 水 | /náːm/ | /nȃm/ | /nam/ | /nam/ | /nam5/ | /nam/ | /nam4/ |
參考文獻
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- Ostapirat W (2000). "Proto-Kra." In Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 23(1).
延伸閱讀
- Brown, J. Marvin. From Ancient Thai to Modern Dialects. Bangkok: Social Science Association Press of Thailand, 1965.
- Chamberlain, James R. A New Look at the Classification of the Tai Languages. [s.l: s.n, 1972.
- Conference on Tai Phonetics and Phonology, Jimmy G. Harris, and Richard B. Noss. Tai Phonetics and Phonology. [Bangkok: Central Institute of English Language, Office of State Universities, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 1972.
- Diffloth, Gérard. An Appraisal of Benedict's Views on Austroasiatic and Austro-Thai Relations. Kyoto: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, 1976.
- Đoàn, Thiện Thuật. Tay-Nung Language in the North Vietnam. [Tokyo?]: Instttute [sic] for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, 1996.
- Gedney, William J. On the Thai Evidence for Austro-Thai. [S.l: s.n, 1976.
- Gedney, William J., and Robert J. Bickner. Selected Papers on Comparative Tai Studies. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 29. Ann Arbor, Mich., USA: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1989. ISBN 0-89148-037-4
- Gedney, William J., Carol J. Compton, and John F. Hartmann. Papers on Tai Languages, Linguistics, and Literatures: In Honor of William J. Gedney on His 77th Birthday. Monograph series on Southeast Asia. [De Kalb]: Northern Illinois University, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, 1992. ISBN 1-877979-16-3
- Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. (1995). William J. Gedney's central Tai dialects: glossaries, texts, and translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 43. Ann Arbor, Mich: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan ISBN 0-89148-075-7
- Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. William J. Gedney's the Yay Language: Glossary, Texts, and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 38. Ann Arbor, Mich: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1991. ISBN 0-89148-066-8
- Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. William J. Gedney's Southwestern Tai Dialects: Glossaries, Texts and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 42. [Ann Arbor, Mich.]: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1994. ISBN 0-89148-074-9
- Hudak, Thomas John. William J. Gedney's The Tai Dialect of Lungming: Glossary, Texts, and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 39. [Ann Arbor]: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1991. ISBN 0-89148-067-6
- Li, Fang-kuei. 1977. Handbook of Comparative Tai. Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawai’i Press.
- Li, Fang-kuei. The Tai Dialect of Lungchow; Texts, Translations, and Glossary. Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1940.
- Østmoe, Arne. A Germanic-Tai Linguistic Puzzle. Sino-Platonic papers, no. 64. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Dept. of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Pennsylvania, 1995.
- Sathāban Sūn Phāsā Qangkrit. Bibliography of Tai Language Studies. [Bangkok]: Indigenous Languages of Thailand Research Project, Central Institute of English Language, Office of State Universities, 1977.
- Shorto, H. L. Bibliographies of Mon–Khmer and Tai Linguistics. London oriental bibliographies, v. 2. London: Oxford University Press, 1963.
- Tingsabadh, Kalaya and Arthur S. Abramson. Essays in Tai Linguistics. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University Press, 2001. ISBN 974-347-222-3
外部連結
- SEAlang Library
Comparative Tai–Kadai Swadesh vocabulary lists (from Wiktionary's Swadesh-list appendix)- ABVD: Proto-Tai word list
- ABVD: Proto-Southwestern Tai word list
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