University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Loyola Marymount University
Occupation
Director, producer, screenwriter
Years active
1988–present
Brian Thomas Helgeland (born January 17, 1961) is an American screenwriter, film producer and director. He is most known for writing the screenplays for L.A. Confidential (for which he received the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay), Mystic River, and A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master.[1]
Helgeland also wrote and directed 42 (2013), a biopic of Jackie Robinson, and Legend (2015), about the rise and fall of the infamous London gangsters, the Kray twins.
Contents
1Early life
2Career
3Works
3.1Films
4References
5External links
Early life
Helgeland was born in Providence, Rhode Island, to Norwegian-born parents Aud-Karin and Thomas Helgeland, and was raised in nearby New Bedford, Massachusetts. He majored in English at University of Massachusetts Dartmouth before following his father's work fishing scallop.
One cold winter day in 1985 made Helgeland consider another job, after finding a book about film schools.
Helgeland eventually settled on a career in film, considering his love for movies. He applied for the film school at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles, as it was the only one which could accept him in the middle of the semester.[2][3][4][5]
Career
Helgeland's agent arranged him a meeting with Rhet Topham, who had an idea for a horror comedy film but was having difficulty writing it. The resulting film was 976-EVIL, which the duo managed to sell for $12,000.[5]976-EVIL marked the directorial debut of Freddy Krueger portrayer Robert Englund, who went on to recommend Helgeland as New Line Pictures wanted to do a new A Nightmare on Elm Street film. Helgeland was paid $70,000 to do what would become A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master. Both films were released in 1988, with The Dream Master hitting theaters earlier. Another script, Highway to Hell, earned Helgeland $275,000 and got a film release in 1992.[6] In 1990, Helgeland and Manny Coto sold a script, The Ticking Man, for $1 million, but the film was never made.[7]
In 1998, Helgeland won both an Academy Award (for Best Adapted Screenplay with L.A. Confidential) and a Razzie (for The Postman) the same year. Only one person had previously achieved the dubious feat (Alan Menken in 1993), and only one other (Sandra Bullock in 2010) has achieved it since. He accepted the Razzie and became only the fourth person in its history to be personally presented with the statuette. He keeps the statues of both the Oscar and the Razzie on his mantle as "a reminder of Hollywood's idealistic nature and unrealistic expectations."[5][8]
Helgeland wrote and directed the films A Knight's Tale (2001), The Order (2003) and 42 (2013). He has worked with director Clint Eastwood twice, in 2002 on Blood Work, and in 2003 on Mystic River, for which he was nominated for an Oscar for Best Adapted Screenplay, and has written an as yet unproduced adaptation of Moby-Dick.
In 2004, Helgeland co-wrote the screenplay for the major motion picture The Bourne Supremacy, for which he was uncredited.[9] In early 2008, he was attached to shape the script of the thriller Green Zone[10] after screenwriter Tom Stoppard had to drop out,[11] again collaborating with director Paul Greengrass, whom he worked with on The Bourne Supremacy, as well as reuniting with actor Matt Damon, who played Jason Bourne/David Webb. Helgeland wrote the screenplay for the remake of The Taking of Pelham 123. The film was released on June 12, 2009.[12]
On May 4, 2017, HBO announced that Helgeland is one of four writers working on a potential pilot for a Game of Thrones spin-off. In addition to Helgeland, Carly Wray, Max Borenstein, and Jane Goldman are also working on potential pilots.[13] Helgeland has been working and communicating with George R. R. Martin, the author of A Song of Ice and Fire, the series of novels upon which the original series is based.[14] Current Game of Thrones showrunners D. B. Weiss and David Benioff would also be executive producers for whichever project is picked up by HBO.[14][15]
Works
Films
Year
Title
Director
Writer
Producer
Notes
1988
A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master
No
Yes
No
976-EVIL
No
Yes
No
1992
Highway to Hell
No
Yes
Yes
1995
Assassins
No
Yes
No
1997
L.A. Confidential
No
Yes
No
Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Screenplay Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Screenplay Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay Florida Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay Las Vegas Film Critics Society Award for Best Screenplay London Critics Circle Film Award for Screenwriter of the Year Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Screenplay National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Screenplay San Diego Film Critics Society Award for Best Adapted Screenplay Satellite Award for Best Adapted Screenplay Society of Texas Film Critics Award for Best Adapted Screenplay Southeastern Film Critics Association Award for Best Adapted Screenplay USC Scripter Award Writers Guild of America Award for Best Adapted Screenplay Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay - Motion Picture Nominated — BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
Conspiracy Theory
No
Yes
No
The Postman
No
Yes
No
Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Screenplay
1999
Payback
Yes
Yes
No
Cognac Festival du Film Policier Audience Award
2001
A Knight's Tale
Yes
Yes
Yes
2002
Blood Work
No
Yes
No
2003
Mystic River
No
Yes
No
National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay PEN Center USA West Literary Award for Screenplay Satellite Award for Best Adapted Screenplay Southeastern Film Critics Association Award for Best Adapted Screenplay USC Scripter Award Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Award for Best Adapted Screenplay Nominated — Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay - Motion Picture Nominated — BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay Nominated — American Screenwriters Association Award Nominated — Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Screenplay Nominated — Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Screenplay Nominated — Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay Nominated — Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay Nominated — London Critics Circle Film Award for Screenwriter of the Year Nominated — Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Screenplay Nominated — Writers Guild of America Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
The Order
Yes
Yes
Yes
2004
Man on Fire
No
Yes
No
2009
The Taking of Pelham 123
No
Yes
No
Cirque du Freak: The Vampire's Assistant
No
Yes
No
2010
Green Zone
No
Yes
No
Robin Hood
No
Yes
No
2013
42
Yes
Yes
No
Hochi Film Award for Best Foreign Language Film Nominated — Image Award for Outstanding Writing in a Motion Picture
2015
Legend
Yes
Yes
No
2019
Gemini Man
No
Yes
No
Post-production
References
^Helgeland profile, New York Times; accessed April 11, 2014.
^"Film-makers on film: Brian Helgeland talks to Mark Monahan about Stuart Rosenberg's Cool Hand Luke (1967)". The Daily Telegraph. London, UK. 2003-09-06. Retrieved 2010-04-26..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^Helgeland profile, filmreference.com; accessed April 11, 2014
^Profile, southcoasttoday.com; accessed April 11, 2014
^ abc"Screenwriters' Lecture: Brian Helgeland".
^Million Dollar Babies, New York Magazine
^Welkos, Robert W. (1995-05-28). "Megabucks Turn to Megabusts". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 2019-03-10.
^Gray, Iain (2007-01-23). "The booby prize that beats the Oscars". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2010-03-10.
^The Bourne Supremacy (2004) profile, imdb.com; accessed April 11, 2014.
^Michael Fleming (2008-01-09). "Amy Ryan set for Greengrass thriller". Variety. Retrieved 2008-01-22.
^Richard Brooks (2007-08-12). "The Bourne Ultimatum - Biteback". The Sunday Times.
^"Richard Donner And Mr. Beaks Talk INSIDE MOVES!". Aint It Cool News. February 19, 2009.
^Holloway, Daniel (May 4, 2017). "'Game of Thrones' Spinoffs in the Works at HBO". Variety. Retrieved May 4, 2017.
^ abGoldberg, Lesley (May 4, 2017). "'Game of Thrones': HBO Exploring Four Different Follow-Up Series". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 5, 2017.
^Blistein, Jon (May 4, 2017). "HBO Preps 'Game of Thrones' Spin-Off Series With George R.R. Martin". Rolling Stone. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
External links
Brian Helgeland on IMDb
Brian Helgeland at AllMovie
v
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Films directed by Brian Helgeland
Payback (1999)
A Knight's Tale (2001)
The Order (2003)
42 (2013)
Legend (2015)
Awards for Brian Helgeland
v
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Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
1928–1950
Benjamin Glazer (1928)
Hanns Kräly (1929)
Frances Marion (1930)
Howard Estabrook (1931)
Edwin J. Burke (1932)
Victor Heerman and Sarah Y. Mason (1933)
Robert Riskin (1934)
Dudley Nichols (1935)
Pierre Collings and Sheridan Gibney (1936)
Heinz Herald, Geza Herczeg, and Norman Reilly Raine (1937)
Ian Dalrymple, Cecil Arthur Lewis, W. P. Lipscomb, and George Bernard Shaw (1938)
Sidney Howard (1939)
Donald Ogden Stewart (1940)
Sidney Buchman and Seton I. Miller (1941)
George Froeschel, James Hilton, Claudine West, and Arthur Wimperis (1942)
Philip G. Epstein, Julius J. Epstein, and Howard Koch (1943)
Frank Butler, and Frank Cavett (1944)
Charles Brackett and Billy Wilder (1945)
Robert Sherwood (1946)
George Seaton (1947)
John Huston (1948)
Joseph L. Mankiewicz (1949)
Joseph L. Mankiewicz (1950)
1951–1975
Harry Brown and Michael Wilson (1951)
Charles Schnee (1952)
Daniel Taradash (1953)
George Seaton (1954)
Paddy Chayefsky (1955)
John Farrow, S. J. Perelman, and James Poe (1956)
Carl Foreman and Michael Wilson (1957)
Alan Jay Lerner (1958)
Neil Paterson (1959)
Richard Brooks (1960)
Abby Mann (1961)
Horton Foote (1962)
John Osborne (1963)
Edward Anhalt (1964)
Robert Bolt (1965)
Robert Bolt (1966)
Stirling Silliphant (1967)
James Goldman (1968)
Waldo Salt (1969)
Ring Lardner Jr. (1970)
Ernest Tidyman (1971)
Francis Ford Coppola and Mario Puzo (1972)
William Peter Blatty (1973)
Francis Ford Coppola and Mario Puzo (1974)
Bo Goldman and Lawrence Hauben (1975)
1976–2000
William Goldman (1976)
Alvin Sargent (1977)
Oliver Stone (1978)
Robert Benton (1979)
Alvin Sargent (1980)
Ernest Thompson (1981)
Costa-Gavras and Donald E. Stewart (1982)
James L. Brooks (1983)
Peter Shaffer (1984)
Kurt Luedtke (1985)
Ruth Prawer Jhabvala (1986)
Bernardo Bertolucci and Mark Peploe (1987)
Christopher Hampton (1988)
Alfred Uhry (1989)
Michael Blake (1990)
Ted Tally (1991)
Ruth Prawer Jhabvala (1992)
Steven Zaillian (1993)
Eric Roth (1994)
Emma Thompson (1995)
Billy Bob Thornton (1996)
Curtis Hanson and Brian Helgeland (1997)
Bill Condon (1998)
John Irving (1999)
Stephen Gaghan (2000)
2001–present
Akiva Goldsman (2001)
Ronald Harwood (2002)
Philippa Boyens, Peter Jackson, and Fran Walsh (2003)
Alexander Payne and Jim Taylor (2004)
Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana (2005)
William Monahan (2006)
Joel Coen and Ethan Coen (2007)
Simon Beaufoy (2008)
Geoffrey S. Fletcher (2009)
Aaron Sorkin (2010)
Alexander Payne, Jim Rash, and Nat Faxon (2011)
Chris Terrio (2012)
John Ridley (2013)
Graham Moore (2014)
Adam McKay and Charles Randolph (2015)
Barry Jenkins and Tarell Alvin McCraney (2016)
James Ivory (2017)
Charlie Wachtel, David Rabinowitz, Kevin Willmott and Spike Lee (2018)
v
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Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Screenplay
Screenplay (1995–1996, 2001–2008, retired)
Emma Thompson (1995)
Anthony Minghella (1996)
Christopher Nolan (2001)
Charlie Kaufman (2002)
Jim Sheridan, Kirsten Sheridan, and Naomi Sheridan (2003)
Alexander Payne and Jim Taylor (2004)
Paul Haggis and Bobby Moresco (2005)
Michael Arndt (2006)
Diablo Cody (2007)
Simon Beaufoy (2008)
Screenplay, Original (1997–2000, 2009–present)
Matt Damon and Ben Affleck (1997)
Tom Stoppard and Marc Norman (1998)
Alan Ball (1999)
Cameron Crowe (2000)
Quentin Tarantino (2009)
David Seidler (2010)
Woody Allen (2011)
Quentin Tarantino (2012)
Spike Jonze (2013)
Alejandro G. Iñárritu, Nicolás Giacobone, Alexander Dinelaris Jr., and Armando Bo (2014)
Tom McCarthy and Josh Singer (2015)
Damien Chazelle / Kenneth Lonergan (2016)
Jordan Peele (2017)
Paul Schrader (2018)
Screenplay, Adapted (1997–2000, 2009–present)
Curtis Hanson and Brian Helgeland (1997)
Scott Smith (1998)
Frank Darabont (1999)
Stephen Gaghan (2000)
Jason Reitman and Sheldon Turner (2009)
Aaron Sorkin (2010)
Steven Zaillian, Aaron Sorkin, and Stan Chervin (2011)
Tony Kushner (2012)
John Ridley (2013)
Gillian Flynn (2014)
Adam McKay and Charles Randolph (2015)
Eric Heisserer (2016)
James Ivory (2017)
Barry Jenkins (2018)
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Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Screenplay
1980–2000
Can't Stop the Music – Bronte Woodard and Allan Carr (1980)
Mommie Dearest – Frank Yablans, Frank Perry, Tracy Hotchner and Robert Getchell (1981)
Inchon – Robin Moore and Laird Koenig (1982)
The Lonely Lady – John Kershaw, Shawn Randall and Ellen Shephard (1983)
Bolero – John Derek (1984)
Rambo: First Blood Part II – Sylvester Stallone, James Cameron and Kevin Jarre (1985)
Howard the Duck – Willard Huyck and Gloria Katz (1986)
Leonard Part 6 – Jonathan Reynolds and Bill Cosby (1987)
Cocktail – Heywood Gould (1988)
Harlem Nights – Eddie Murphy (1989)
The Adventures of Ford Fairlane – Daniel Waters, James Cappe & David Arnott (1990)
Hudson Hawk – Steven E. de Souza, Daniel Waters, Bruce Willis and Robert Kraft (1991)
Stop! Or My Mom Will Shoot – Blake Snyder, William Osborne and William Davies – (1992)
Indecent Proposal – Amy Holden Jones (1993)
The Flintstones – Jim Jennewein, Steven E. de Souza, Tom S. Parker and various others (1994)
Showgirls – Joe Eszterhas (1995)
Striptease – Andrew Bergman (1996)
The Postman – Eric Roth and Brian Helgeland (1997)
An Alan Smithee Film: Burn Hollywood Burn – Joe Eszterhas (1998)
Wild Wild West – Jim Thomas, John Thomas, S. S. Wilson, Brent Maddock, Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman (1999)
Battlefield Earth – Corey Mandell and J. David Shapiro (2000)
2001–present
Freddy Got Fingered – Tom Green & Derek Harvie (2001)
Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones – George Lucas and Jonathan Hales (2002)
Gigli – Martin Brest (2003)
Catwoman – Theresa Rebeck, John Brancato, Michael Ferris and John Rogers (2004)
Dirty Love – Jenny McCarthy (2005)
Basic Instinct 2 – Leora Barish and Henry Bean (2006)
I Know Who Killed Me – Jeffrey Hammond (2007)
The Love Guru – Mike Myers & Graham Gordy (2008)
Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen – Ehren Kruger, Alex Kurtzman and Roberto Orci (2009)
The Last Airbender – M. Night Shyamalan (2010)
Jack and Jill – Steve Koren and Adam Sandler, story by Ben Zook (2011)
That's My Boy – David Caspe (2012)
Movie 43 – Steve Baker, Ricky Blitt, Will Carlough, Tobias Carlson, Jacob Fleisher, Patrik Forsberg, Will Graham, James Gunn, Claes Kjellstrom, Jack Kukoda, Bob Odenkirk, Bill O'Malley, Matthew Alec Portenoy, Greg Pritikin, Rocky Russo, Olle Sarri, Elizabeth Wright Shapiro, Jeremy Sosenko, Jonathan van Tulleken and Jonas Wittenmark (2013)
Saving Christmas – Darren Doane and Cheston Hervey (2014)
Fifty Shades of Grey - Kelly Marcel (2015)
Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice – Chris Terrio and David S. Goyer (2016)
The Emoji Movie – Tony Leondis, Eric Siegel and Mike White (2017)
Fifty Shades Freed – Niall Leonard (2018)
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National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay
1967–2000
David Newman and Robert Benton (1967)
John Cassavetes (1968)
Paul Mazursky and Larry Tucker (1969)
Éric Rohmer (1970)
Penelope Gilliatt (1971)
Ingmar Bergman (1972)
George Lucas, Gloria Katz and Willard Huyck (1973)
Ingmar Bergman (1974)
Robert Towne and Warren Beatty (1975)
Alain Tanner and John Berger (1976)
Woody Allen and Marshall Brickman (1977)
Paul Mazursky (1978)
Steve Tesich (1979)
Bo Goldman (1980)
John Guare (1981)
Murray Schisgal and Larry Gelbart (1982)
Bill Forsyth (1983)
Lowell Ganz, Babaloo Mandel and Bruce Jay Friedman (1984)
Albert Brooks and Monica Johnson (1985)
Hanif Kureishi (1986)
John Boorman (1987)
Ron Shelton (1988)
Gus Van Sant and Daniel Yost (1989)
Charles Burnett (1990)
David Cronenberg (1991)
David Webb Peoples (1992)
Jane Campion (1993)
Quentin Tarantino and Roger Avary (1994)
Amy Heckerling (1995)
Albert Brooks and Monica Johnson (1996)
Curtis Hanson and Brian Helgeland (1997)
Scott Frank (1998)
Charlie Kaufman (1999)
Kenneth Lonergan (2000)
2001–present
Julian Fellowes (2001)
Ronald Harwood (2002)
Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini (2003)
Alexander Payne and Jim Taylor (2004)
Noah Baumbach (2005)
Peter Morgan (2006)
Tamara Jenkins (2007)
Mike Leigh (2008)
Joel Coen and Ethan Coen (2009)
Aaron Sorkin (2010)
Asghar Farhadi (2011)
Tony Kushner (2012)
Richard Linklater, Ethan Hawke, and Julie Delpy (2013)
Wes Anderson (2014)
Tom McCarthy and Josh Singer (2015)
Kenneth Lonergan (2016)
Greta Gerwig (2017)
Armando Iannucci, David Schneider, and Ian Martin (2018)
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Satellite Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
Anthony Minghella (1996)
Curtis Hanson and Brian Helgeland (1997)
Bill Condon (1998)
John Irving (1999)
Doug Wright (2000)
Robert Festinger and Todd Field (2001)
Charlie Kaufman and Donald Kaufman (2002)
Brian Helgeland (2003)
Paul Haggis (2004)
Robin Swicord (2005)
William Monahan (2006)
Christopher Hampton (2007)
Peter Morgan (2008)
Geoffrey S. Fletcher (2009)
Aaron Sorkin (2010)
Alexander Payne, Jim Rash, and Nat Faxon (2011)
David Magee (2012)
Steve Coogan and Jeff Pope (2013)
Graham Moore (2014)
Aaron Sorkin (2015)
Kieran Fitzgerald and Oliver Stone (2016)
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber (2017)
Nicole Holofcener and Jeff Whitty (2018)
v
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Writers Guild of America Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
Adapted Drama (1969–1983, retired)
Waldo Salt (1969)
Robert Anderson (1970)
Ernest Tidyman (1971)
Francis Ford Coppola and Mario Puzo (1972)
Waldo Salt and Norman Wexler (1973)
Francis Ford Coppola and Mario Puzo (1974)
Bo Goldman and Lawrence Hauben (1975)
William Goldman (1976)
Denne Bart Petitclerc (1977)
Oliver Stone (1978)
Robert Benton (1979)
Alvin Sargent (1980)
Ernest Thompson (1981)
Costa-Gavras and Donald E. Stewart (1982)
Julius J. Epstein (1983)
Adapted Comedy (1969–1983, retired)
Arnold Schulman (1969)
Ring Lardner Jr. (1970)
John Paxton (1971)
Jay Presson Allen (1972)
Alvin Sargent (1973)
Lionel Chetwynd and Mordecai Richler (1974)
Neil Simon (1975)
Blake Edwards and Frank Waldman (1976)
Larry Gelbart (1977)
Elaine May and Warren Beatty / Bernard Slade (1978)
Jerzy Kosiński (1979)
Jim Abrahams, David Zucker, and Jerry Zucker (1980)
This article is part of a series on Information security Related security categories Internet security Cyberwarfare Computer security Mobile security Network security Threats Computer crime Vulnerability Eavesdropping Malware Spyware Ransomware Trojans Viruses Worms Rootkits Bootkits Keyloggers Screen scrapers Exploits Backdoors Logic bombs Payloads Denial of service Defenses Computer access control Application security Antivirus software Secure coding Secure by default Secure by design Secure operating systems Authentication Multi-factor authentication Authorization Data-centric security Encryption Firewall Intrusion detection system Mobile secure gateway Runtime application self-protection (RASP) v t e Information security , sometimes shortened to InfoSec , is the practice of preventing unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, inspection, recording or destruction of information. Th...
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