Oligomycin

Oligomycin A

Names
IUPAC name (1R,4E,5'S,6S,6'S,7R,8S,10R,11R,12S,14R,15S,16R,18E,20E,22R,25S,27R,28S,29R)-22-ethyl-7,11,14,15-tetrahydroxy-6'-[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]-5',6,8,10,12,14,16,28,29-nonamethyl-3',4',5',6'-tetrahydro-3H,9H,13H-spiro[2,26-dioxabicyclo[23.3.1]nonacosa-4,18,20-triene-27,2'-pyran]-3,9,13-trione
Other names Oligomycin
Identifiers
CAS Number	1404-19-9 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:28285
ChemSpider	21106358 Y
EC Number	215-767-9
MeSH	Oligomycins
PubChem CID	6450197
RTECS number	RK3325000
InChI InChI=1S/C46H76O11/c1-13-34-18-16-14-15-17-28(4)42(51)45(12,54)43(52)32(8)40(50)31(7)39(49)30(6)38(48)27(3)19-22-37(47)55-41-29(5)35(21-20-34)56-46(33(41)9)24-23-26(2)36(57-46)25-44(10,11)53/h14-16,18-19,22,26-36,38,40-42,48,50-51,53-54H,13,17,20-21,23-25H2,1-12H3/b15-14+,18-16-,22-19+/t26-,27-,28+,29+,30+,31-,32-,33-,34+,35?,36-,38-,40+,41+,42+,45+,46-/m1/s1 Y Key: QBAMBSAJEFIQBK-GJHUHQBXSA-N Y InChI=1S/C46H76O11/c1-13-34-18-16-14-15-17-28(4)42(51)45(12,54)43(52)32(8)40(50)31(7)39(49)30(6)38(48)27(3)19-22-37(47)55-41-29(5)35(21-20-34)56-46(33(41)9)24-23-26(2)36(57-46)25-44(10,11)53/h14-16,18-19,22,26-36,38,40-42,48,50-51,53-54H,13,17,20-21,23-25H2,1-12H3/b15-14+,18-16-,22-19+/t26-,27-,28+,29+,30+,31-,32-,33-,34+,35?,36-,38-,40+,41+,42+,45+,46-/m1/s1 Key: QBAMBSAJEFIQBK-GJHUHQBXBC Key: QBAMBSAJEFIQBK-GJHUHQBXSA-N
SMILES C[C@](C)(O)C[C@H]1O[C@@]2(CC[C@H]1C)O[C@H]3CC[C@@H](CC)/C=CC=CC[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@](C)(O)C(=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)C(=O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)/C=C/C(=O)O[C@H]([C@H]2C)[C@H]3C
Properties
Chemical formula	C45H74O11
Molar mass	791.062 g/mol
Hazards
Safety data sheet	MSDS at Fermentek
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Oligomycins are macrolides created by Streptomyces that can be poisonous to other organisms.

Function

They have use as antibiotics.

Oligomycin A is an inhibitor of ATP synthase. In oxidative phosphorylation research, it is used to prevent state 3 (phosphorylating) respiration. Oligomycin A inhibits ATP synthase by blocking its proton channel (Fo subunit), which is necessary for oxidative phosphorylation of ADP to ATP (energy production). The inhibition of ATP synthesis by oligomycin A will significantly reduce electron flow through the electron transport chain; however, electron flow is not stopped completely due to a process known as proton leak or mitochondrial uncoupling.^[1] This process is due to facilitated diffusion of protons into the mitochondrial matrix through an uncoupling protein such as thermogenin, or UCP1.

Administering oligomycin to an individual can result in very high levels of lactate accumulating in the blood and urine.^{[citation needed]}

Oligomycins^[2]

	R1	R2	R3	R4	R5
Oligomycin A	CH3	H	OH	H,H	CH3
Oligomycin B	CH3	H	OH	O	CH3
Oligomycin C	CH3	H	H	H,H	CH3
Oligomycin D (Rutamycin A)	H	H	OH	H,H	CH3
Oligomycin E	CH3	OH	OH	O	CH3
Oligomycin F	CH3	H	OH	H,H	CH2CH3
Rutamycin B	H	H	H	H,H	CH3
44-Homooligomycin A	CH2CH3	H	OH	H,H	CH3
44-Homooligomycin B	CH2CH3	H	OH	O	CH3

References

1. 
   ^ Jastroch M, Divakaruni AS, Mookerjee S, Treberg JR, Brand MD (2010). "Mitochondrial proton and electron leaks". Essays in biochemistry. 47 (1): 53–67. doi:10.1042/bse0470053. PMC 3122475. PMID 20533900..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
   


2. 
   ^ Nakata, Masaya; Ishiyama, Takashi; Akamatsu, Shinichi; Hirose, Youichi; Maruoka, Hiroshi; Suzuki, Rika; Tatsuta, Kuniaki (1995). "Synthetic studies on oligomycins. Synthesis of the oligomycin B spiroketal and polypropionate portions". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. 68 (3): 967–89. doi:10.1246/bcsj.68.967.
   

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