Mixing
Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch)
Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| President | Mark Lennon |
| General Secretary | Kaila Murnain |
| Leader | Michael Daley |
| Deputy Leader | Penny Sharpe |
| Assistant General Secretary | Rose Jackson Pat Garcia |
| Founded | 1891 |
| Headquarters | Level 9, 377 - 383 Sussex St Sydney, New South Wales |
| Youth wing | Australian Young Labor |
| National affiliation | Australian Labor Party |
| Legislative Assembly | 34 / 93 |
| Legislative Council | 14 / 42 |
| House of Representatives |
24 / 47 (NSW seats) |
| Senate | 5 / 12 (NSW seats) |
| Local government | 164 / 1,480 |
| Website | |
| www.nswlabor.org.au | |
| |
The Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch), also known as NSW Labor, is the New South Wales branch of the Australian Labor Party. The parliamentary leader is elected from and by the members of the party caucus, comprising all party members in the Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council. The party factions have a strong influence on the election of the leader. The leader's position is dependent on the continuing support of the caucus (and party factions) and the leader may be deposed by failing to win a vote of confidence of parliamentary members. By convention, the premier sits in the Legislative Assembly, and is the leader of the party controlling a majority in that house. The party leader also typically is a member of the Assembly, though this is not a strict party constitutional requirement. Barrie Unsworth, for example, was elected party leader while a member of the Legislative Council. He then transferred to the Assembly by winning a seat at a by-election.
When the Labor party wins sufficient seats to be able to control a majority in the Legislative Assembly, the party leader becomes the State Premier and Labor will form the government. When Labor is the largest party not in government, the party leader becomes the Leader of the Opposition. To become a Premier or Opposition Leader, the party leader must be or within a short period of time become a member of the Legislative Assembly.
Contents
1 History
1.1 Early history
1.2 First Government in New South Wales
1.3 Conscription split
1.4 Dooley-Storey era
1.5 Lang era
1.6 McKell and post-war era
1.7 Labor in Government, 1952–1965
1.8 Opposition, 1965–1976
1.9 Wran-Unsworth era, 1976–1988
1.10 Carr era and beyond, 1988–2011
1.11 Attempted party reforms
2 List of parliamentary leaders
3 List of deputy parliamentary leaders
4 Executive leaders
4.1 Presidents
4.2 General Secretaries
5 State election results
6 References
History
Early history
The New South Wales Branch of the Australian Labor Party, known as the Labor Electoral League of New South Wales from 1891 to 1917, first won 35 of the 141 seats in the New South Wales parliament at the 1891 election. The initial caucus voted against appointing a leader and the party was directed by a steering committee of 5 members until, following a request from the party's extra-parliamentary executive, Joseph Cook was elected as the first leader in 1893. Cook left the party in the following year when he was obliged to sign a pledge that he would support all caucus decisions in parliament. James McGowen, who signed the pledge, succeeded Cook as party leader in 1894. At the 1894 state election Labor representation was reduced to 18. After the 1898 election, Labor held the balance of power with George Reid's Protectionist Government being dependent on Labor to push through New South Wales' adoption of Federation. McGowen's support for Federation was critical to Labor maintaining its support for the adoption of measures to implement Federation, even though the party remained opposed to the adopted Constitution, which it saw as biased in favour of business interests.
First Government in New South Wales
At the 1910 election the Labor Party first won government in New South Wales with a slim majority of 46 of 90 seats, and McGowen was premier from 1910-13. He was deposed by his deputy William Holman after McGowen attempted to break a gas workers' strike by threatening to replace strikers with non-union labour.
Conscription split
The conscription issue divided the Labor Party and wider Australian community in 1916. While much of the Australian labour movement and general community was opposed to conscription, Australian Labor Prime Minister Billy Hughes and Premier Holman strongly supported conscription, and both crossed the floor to vote with the conservative parties, and both were expelled from the Labor Party. Ernest Durack became state party leader, while Holman formed a coalition on 15 November 1916 with the leader of the opposition Liberal Reform Party, Charles Wade, with himself as Premier. Early in 1917, Holman and his supporters merged with Liberal Reform to form the state branch of the Nationalist Party of Australia, with Holman as leader. At the 1917 election, the Nationalists won a huge victory. During his leadership of the Nationalist Government, Holman vigorously defended the government-owned enterprises from his fellow conservatives in power. Durack's leadership lasted only for about three months, and he was succeeded by John Storey in February 1917. At the 1920 election, Holman and his Nationalists were thrown from office in a massive swing, being succeeded by a Labor Government led by Storey. Labor won the 1920 election with a majority of one.
Dooley-Storey era
On Storey's death in October 1921, James Dooley became leader of the party and premier. His government was defeated on the floor of the House on 13 December 1921, but new Premier George Fuller lost a vote within seven hours of his appointment, and Dooley regained power. He lost the 1922 election to Fuller in a highly sectarian election campaign.[1] As the result of a dispute with a party executive, dominated by the Australian Workers' Union, Dooley was expelled from the party in February 1923 and replaced by Greg McGirr as leader, but the Federal Executive intervened and appointed Bill Dunn as an interim leader until Jack Lang was elected by the caucus.[2]
Lang era
Lang led the ALP to victory in the 1925 election and became Premier. His support in the caucus was challenged in 1926 and in that year the party's annual State Conference, which strongly supported Lang, assumed the right to select the leader instead of caucus. The following year Lang and his extra-parliamentary allies drastically altered the party rules so that State Conference delegates and members of the Central Executive were elected in a complicated group system.[3] The ALP was defeated at the 1927 election but won in a landslide at the 1930 election.
Lang opposed the Premiers' Plan to combat the Great Depression agreed to by the federal Labor government of James Scullin and the other state Premiers, who called for even more stringent cuts to government spending to balance the budget. In October 1931 Lang's followers in the federal House of Representatives crossed the floor to vote with the conservative United Australia Party and bring down the Scullin government. This action split the NSW Labor Party in two - Lang's followers became known as Lang Labor, while Scullin's supporters, led by Chifley, became known in NSW as Federal Labor. Most of the party's branches and affiliated trade unions supported Lang. Furthermore, Lang's persistence with his plan led to the Lang Dismissal Crisis in 1931-32 which led to his dismissal as premier by the State Governor on 13 May 1932. The Governor appointed the UAP leader, Bertram Stevens, as premier and Stevens immediately called the 1932 election, at which Labor was heavily defeated. Lang continued as party leader until 1939, when he was deposed when caucus regained the power to elect its leader in 1939.
McKell and post-war era
William McKell became party leader, reuniting and rejuvenating the party. Under his leadership the extreme left wing of the party had been expelled and had contested the 1941 election as the far left wing State Labor Party. McKell led Labor to a convincing victory and became Premier. State Labor's poor showing had resulted in its dissolution shortly after the election. During World War II McKell became a close collaborator of Labor Prime Ministers John Curtin and Ben Chifley, being a particularly close friend of the latter. Labor unity was again threatened by Jack Lang who had been expelled from the Labor Party in 1943 and formed another version of the Lang Labor Party. On this occasion he received no support from the rest of the caucus and spent the rest of the term as the sole member. At the 1944 election McKell won another victory, the first time a New South Wales Labor government had been re-elected. On early 1947 he resigned and announced acceptance of appointment as Governor General.[4]James McGirr was elected leader and premier and led Labor to another victory at the 1947 election. McGirr nearly lost the 1950 election and was replaced in 1952 by Joseph Cahill.
Labor in Government, 1952–1965
Cahill decisively won the 1953 election. He was desperate to keep the New South Wales branch of the ALP united despite the sectarian and ideological split that resulted in the formation of the right-wing Democratic Labor Party in 1954. He achieved this by controlling the anti-DLP faction in his party. The DLP did not contest the 1956 election, which Labor won. Cahill was returned in the 1959 election, but died in office later that year. He was succeeded as leader and premier by Bob Heffron. Heffron continued the Labor reign in New South Wales winning the 1962 election. Heffron resigned the leadership and premiership in 1964, and was succeeded by Jack Renshaw, who lost the premiership at the 1965 election ending 24 years of Labor power in the state.
Opposition, 1965–1976
Renshaw also lost the 1968 election, after which he resigned the leadership, to be succeeded by Pat Hills. Hills lost the 1971 and 1973 election after which he was deposed by Neville Wran.
Wran-Unsworth era, 1976–1988
Wran narrowly won the 1976 election and remained premier until 1986. He was succeeded by Barrie Unsworth who took over the premiership until Labor's loss at the 1988 election, after which he resigned.
Carr era and beyond, 1988–2011
Bob Carr became leader in 1988 and led Labor to victory in the 1995 election. Carr was premier for 10 years, before resigning in 2005. Carr was succeeded by Morris Iemma, who led Labor to victory in the 2007 election, before resigning in 2008 after his Centre Unity faction withdrew its backing. He was succeeded by Nathan Rees, who was leader and premier for only 15 months, before he was deposed by Kristina Keneally, who resigned after Labor lost at the 2011 election. She was succeeded by John Robertson. He resigned in December 2014. On 5 January 2015 Luke Foley was elected leader.
Attempted party reforms
Between 2009 and 2014, the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) began or completed a series of investigations into the behaviours of a number of Labor politicians, including Angela D'Amore,[5]Tony Kelly,[6]Ian Macdonald,[7][8][9]Eddie Obeid,[10][11][12]Karyn Paluzzano,[13][14] and Joe Tripodi.[11] The ICAC made a series of adverse findings against all six politicians, although Paluzzano was the only one to face criminal charges. For bringing the party into disrepute, Kelly had his membership of Labor terminated in 2011;[15][16] both Macdonald and Obeid had their membership terminated in 2013;[17] and Tripodi suffered the same fate in 2014.[11][12] Other investigations and criminal charges were laid against Craig Thomson, a federal politician from New South Wales, and Michael Williamson, a senior Labor official, also from New South Wales. Both Thomson and Williamson were adversely implicated in the Health Services Union expenses affair. Their membership of NSW Labor was terminated in 2014.[18][19]
Seeking to stamp out perceived corruption and factional infighting, Senator John Faulkner began a process of reforms that proposed to include rank–and–file members in decisions such as the selection of candidates for Senate and Legislative Council vacancies and party tickets, and a vote in the direct election of the New South Wales parliamentary leaders.[20] However, Faulkner's reform proposals were mostly rejected at NSW Labor's 2014 conference.[21] The direct election of party leader gained support with effect from after the 2015 election.[22]
List of parliamentary leaders
| # | Party leader | Assumed office | Left office | Premier | Reason for departure | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Steering Committee of 5 | July 1891 | October 1893 | Caucus decision to elect a leader | ||
| 2 | Joseph Cook | October 1893 | 25 June 1894 | Left Labor Party | ||
| 3 | James McGowen | July 1894 | 30 June 1913 | 1910–1913 | Deposed | |
| 4 | William Holman | 30 June 1913 | 15 November 1916 | 1913–1920 (as a member of a Nationalist government after 1916) | Expelled from Labor Party | |
| 5 | Ernest Durack | 15 November 1916 | 21 February 1917 | Resigned | ||
| 6 | John Storey | 21 February 1917 | 5 October 1921 | 1920–1921 | Died in office | |
| 7 | James Dooley | 5 October 1921 | 31 July 1923 | 1921–1921; 1921–1922 | Expelled from the party by State Executive | |
| * | Greg McGirr | 9 March 1923 | 16 April 1923 | Imposed by State Executive | ||
| * | Bill Dunn | 16 April 1923 | 31 July 1923 | Imposed by Federal Executive | ||
| 8 | Jack Lang | 31 July 1923 | 5 September 1938 | 1925–1927; 1930–1932 | Deposed as Labor Leader following a vote by Caucus | [23] |
| 9 | William McKell | 5 September 1938 | 6 February 1947 | 1941–1947 | Resigned as Premier, Labor Leader, and as the Member for Redfern to become Governor General |
[24] |
| 10 | James McGirr | 6 February 1947 | 3 April 1952 | 1947–1952 | Resigned as Premier, Labor Leader, and as the Member for Liverpool |
[25] |
| 11 | Joseph Cahill | 3 April 1952 | 22 October 1959 | 1952–1959 | Died in office as a result of a myocardial infarction |
[26] |
| 12 | Bob Heffron | 23 October 1959 | 30 April 1964 | 1959–1964 | Resigned as Premier and Labor Leader; remained as the Member for Maroubra |
[27] |
| 13 | Jack Renshaw | 30 April 1964 | 1968 | 1964–1965 | Resigned | |
| 14 | Pat Hills | 1968 | 1973 | Deposed following the 1973 election |
||
| 15 | Neville Wran | 1973 | 4 July 1986 | 1976–1986 | Resigned as Premier, Labor Leader, and as the Member for Bass Hill |
[28] |
| 16 | Barrie Unsworth | 4 July 1986 | 11 April 1988 | 1986–1988 | Resigned as Labor Leader following the 1988 election; remained as the Member for Rockdale |
[29] |
| 17 | Bob Carr | 11 April 1988 | 3 August 2005 | 1995–2005 | Resigned as Premier, Labor Leader, and as the Member for Maroubra |
[30] |
| 18 | Morris Iemma | 3 August 2005 | 5 September 2008 | 2005–2008 | Resigned as Premier and Labor Leader; remained as the Member for Lakemba |
[31] |
| 19 | Nathan Rees | 5 September 2008 | 3 December 2009 | 2008–2009 | Deposed as Labor Leader following a vote by Caucus; remained as the Member for Toongabbie |
[32] |
| 20 | Kristina Keneally | 3 December 2009 | 31 March 2011 | 2009–2011 | Resigned as Labor Leader following the 2011 election; remained as the Member for Heffron |
[33] |
| 21 | John Robertson | 31 March 2011 | 23 December 2014 | Resigned as Labor Leader in the aftermath of the 2014 Sydney hostage crisis; remained as the Member for Blacktown |
[34] | |
| * | Linda Burney | 23 December 2014 | 5 January 2015 | Interim leader during run-up to 2015 leadership spill |
||
| 22 | Luke Foley | 5 January 2015 | 8 November 2018 | |||
| 23 | Michael Daley | 10 November 2018 | Incumbent |
List of deputy parliamentary leaders
| Deputy Party leader | Assumed office | Left office | Deputy Premier | Reason for departure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1893 | 1922 | ||
| Bill Dunn | 1922 | 1923 | ||
| Jack Baddeley | 1923 | 1949 | 1941–1949 |
|
| Joseph Cahill | 1949 | 1952 | 1949–1952 |
|
| Robert Heffron | 1953 | 1959 | 1953–1959 |
|
| Jack Renshaw | 1959 | 1964 | 1959–1964 |
|
| Pat Hills | 1964 | 1968 | 1964–1965 |
|
| Syd Einfeld | 1968 | 1973 | ||
| Jack Ferguson | 1973 | 10 February 1984 (1984-02-10) |
1976–1984 | Retired from politics |
| Ron Mulock | 10 February 1984 (1984-02-10) |
25 March 1988 (1988-03-25) |
1984–1988 | Resigned following the 1988 election |
| Andrew Refshauge | 11 April 1988 (1988-04-11) |
3 August 2005 (2005-08-03) |
1995–2005 | Retired from politics |
| John Watkins | 10 August 2005 (2005-08-10) |
3 September 2008 (2008-09-03) |
2005–2008 | Retired from politics |
| Carmel Tebbutt | 5 September 2008 (2008-09-05) |
28 March 2011 (2011-03-28) |
2008–2011 | Resigned following the 2011 election |
| Linda Burney | 28 March 2011 (2011-03-28) |
7 March 2015 (2015-03-07) |
Resigned following announcement to run for the federal seat of Barton at the 2016 election |
|
| Michael Daley | 7 March 2015 (2015-03-07) |
10 November 2018 (2018-11-10) |
Elected leader |
|
| Penny Sharpe | 10 November 2018 (2018-11-10) |
Incumbent |
Executive leaders
Presidents
| President |
Period |
|---|---|
Frederick Flowers |
1895–1898 |
Frederick Flowers |
1906–1907 |
Ernest Farrar |
1912–1914 |
Richard Meagher |
1914–1915 |
John Daniel FitzGerald |
1915–1916 |
Jack Power |
1921–1923 |
Albert Willis |
1923–1925 |
Francis Buckley |
1951–1952 |
Charlie Oliver |
1960–1971 |
John Ducker |
1971–1979 |
Paul Keating |
1979–1983 |
John MacBean |
1983–1989 |
Terry Sheahan |
1989–1997 |
| Peter Sams |
1997–1998 |
Steve Hutchins |
1998–2002 |
Ursula Stephens |
2002–2006 |
| Bernie Riordan |
2006–2010 |
Michael Lee |
2010–2014 |
| Mark Lennon |
2014–present |
General Secretaries
| General Secretary |
Period |
|---|---|
| Walter Evans |
1939–1940 |
William Dickson |
1940–1941 |
John Stewart |
1941–1950 |
Ernest Gerard Wright |
1950–1952 |
Charles Wilson Anderson |
1952–1954 |
| Bill Colbourne |
1954–1969 |
| Peter Westerway |
1969–1973 |
| Geoff Cahill |
1973–1976 |
Graham Richardson |
1976–1983 |
Stephen Loosley |
1983–1990 |
John Della Bosca |
1990–1999 |
Eric Roozendaal |
1999–2004 |
Mark Arbib |
2004–2007 |
Karl Bitar |
2007–2008 |
Matt Thistlethwaite |
2008–2010 |
Sam Dastyari |
2010–2013 |
| Jamie Clements |
2013–2016 |
Kaila Murnain |
2016–present |
State election results
| Election |
Seats won |
± |
Total votes |
% |
Position |
Leader |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1891 |
35 / 141 |
 35 |
37,216 |
20.62% |
Third party |
Steering Committee |
1894 |
15 / 125 |
 20 |
33,143 |
16.49% |
Third party |
James McGowen |
1895 |
18 / 125 |
3 |
20,028 |
13.20% |
Third party |
James McGowen |
1898 |
19 / 125 |
1 |
21,556 |
12.18% |
Third party |
James McGowen |
1901 |
24 / 125 |
5 |
35,952 |
18.44% |
Third party |
James McGowen |
1904 |
25 / 90 |
1 |
92,426 |
23.3% |
Opposition |
James McGowen |
1907 |
32 / 90 |
7 |
152,704 |
33.31% |
Opposition |
James McGowen |
1910 |
46 / 90 |
14 |
280,056 |
48.92% |
Majority government |
James McGowen |
1913 |
49 / 90 |
3 |
311,747 |
46.63% |
Majority government |
William Holman |
1917 |
33 / 90 |
16 |
262,655 |
42.63% |
Opposition |
John Storey |
1920 |
43 / 90 |
10 |
68,175 |
43.03% |
Majority government |
John Storey |
1922 |
36 / 90 |
7 |
85,361 |
38.37% |
Opposition |
James Dooley |
1925 |
46 / 90 |
10 |
108,225 |
45.99% |
Majority government |
Jack Lang |
1927 |
40 / 90 |
6 |
488,306 |
43% |
Opposition |
Jack Lang |
1930 |
55 / 90 |
15 |
729,914 |
55.05% |
Majority government |
Jack Lang |
1932 |
24 / 90 |
31 |
536,897 |
40.16% |
Opposition |
Jack Lang |
1935 |
29 / 90 |
5 |
532,486 |
42.42% |
Opposition |
Jack Lang |
1938 |
28 / 90 |
1 |
412,063 |
34.82% |
Opposition |
Jack Lang |
1941 |
54 / 90 |
26 |
706,014 |
50.8% |
Majority government |
William McKell |
1944 |
56 / 90 |
2 |
572,600 |
45.2% |
Majority government |
William McKell |
1947 |
52 / 90 |
4 |
730,194 |
45.95% |
Majority government |
James McGirr |
1950 |
46 / 94 |
2 |
753,268 |
46.75% |
Minority government |
James McGirr |
1953 |
57 / 94 |
11 |
852,276 |
55.03% |
Majority government |
Joseph Cahill |
1956 |
50 / 94 |
7 |
800,410 |
47.25% |
Majority government |
Joseph Cahill |
1959 |
49 / 94 |
1 |
838,836 |
49.12% |
Majority government |
Joseph Cahill |
1962 |
54 / 94 |
5 |
936,047 |
48.57% |
Majority government |
Bob Heffron |
1965 |
45 / 94 |
9 |
883,824 |
43.31% |
Opposition |
Jack Renshaw |
1968 |
39 / 94 |
6 |
931,563 |
43.1% |
Opposition |
Jack Renshaw |
1971 |
45 / 96 |
6 |
1,007,538 |
45.02% |
Opposition |
Pat Hills |
1973 |
44 / 99 |
1 |
1,069,614 |
42.93% |
Opposition |
Pat Hills |
1976 |
50 / 99 |
6 |
1,342,038 |
49.75% |
Majority government |
Neville Wran |
1978 |
63 / 99 |
13 |
1,615,949 |
57.77% |
Majority government |
Neville Wran |
1981 |
69 / 99 |
6 |
1,564,622 |
55.73% |
Majority government |
Neville Wran |
1984 |
58 / 99 |
11 |
1,466,413 |
48.77% |
Majority government |
Neville Wran |
1988 |
43 / 109 |
15 |
1,233,612 |
38.48% |
Opposition |
Barrie Unsworth |
1991 |
46 / 99 |
3 |
1,204,066 |
39.05% |
Opposition |
Bob Carr |
1995 |
50 / 99 |
4 |
1,408,616 |
41.26% |
Majority government |
Bob Carr |
1999 |
55 / 93 |
5 |
1,576,886 |
42.21% |
Majority government |
Bob Carr |
2003 |
55 / 93 |
– |
1,631,018 |
42.68% |
Majority government |
Bob Carr |
2007 |
52 / 93 |
3 |
1,535,872 |
38.98% |
Majority government |
Morris Iemma |
2011 |
20 / 93 |
32 |
1,061,352 |
25.55% |
Opposition |
Kristina Keneally |
2015 |
34 / 93 |
14 |
1,500,855 |
34.08% |
Opposition |
Luke Foley |
References
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^ Clune, David. "Cahill, John Joseph (Joe) (1891 - 1959)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 8 February 2010.
^ Carr, Bob (1996). "Heffron, Robert James (1890–1978)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University (14). Retrieved 8 February 2010.
^ "The Hon. Neville Kenneth Wran (1926 –2014 )". Members of Parliament. Parliament of New South Wales. Archived from the original on 8 January 2010. Retrieved 8 February 2010.
^ Stephens, Tony (28 July 2005). "A 'solid chapter' comes to an end". The Sydney Morning Herald.
^ "Closing a big chapter in the Bob Carr story". The Age. Melbourne. 28 July 2005.
^ Smith, Alexandra; Robins, Brian (5 September 2008). "NSW Premier Morris Iemma resigns". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 5 September 2008.
^ "Kristina Keneally becomes first female premier of NSW". The Daily Telegraph. Australia. 3 December 2009. Retrieved 3 December 2009.
^ Wood, Alicia; O'Brien, Natalie; Barlass, Tim (27 March 2011). "Keneally quits as leader". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
^ "John Robertson stands down as NSW Opposition Leader following leadership speculation". ABC News. Australia. 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
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