卡馬河




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卡马河

Kama River (4x3 photo).jpg
流域
源头
烏德穆爾特共和國
源头海拔
 
河口
伏尔加河
面積
507,000平方公里
流經国家
俄罗斯
本貌
長度
1,805公里
平均流量
 

卡马河（俄语：Кама 韃靼語：Чолман）是俄羅斯境內的河流，也是伏爾加河最長的左支流，發源自烏德穆爾特共和國。


卡馬河源出上卡馬高地，中游流經烏拉爾山，曲折向西南注入窩瓦河中游的古比雪夫水庫。全長1,805公里。流域面積達50.7萬平方公里。卡馬河以北氣候寒冷，以南氣候較溫和，冬季少雪。



  • 在彼尔姆，1979年建有卡馬水電站（英语：Kama Hydroelectric Station）, 形成了卡马水库

  • 在柴可夫斯基, 1961年建有茯特金斯克水電站（英语：Votkinsk Hydroelectric Station），形成茯特金斯克水库（英语：Votkinsk Reservoir）;

  • 在卡马河畔切尔尼, 建有下卡馬水電站（英语：Nizhnekamsk Hydroelectric Station）, 形成了下卡马水库。







  • 伏尔加河流域图，卡马河流域以淡黄色标注







  • 卡馬河與城市







  • 叶拉布加之景







  • 拉夫爾普羅斯庫里亞科夫建的俄羅斯桁架橋（摄于1912年）






























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伏尔加河

支流

謝利扎羅沃河 · 瓦祖扎河 · 特維爾察河 · 紹沙河 · 杜布納河 · 梅德韋季察河 · 涅爾利河 · 卡申卡河 · 西蒂河 · 莫洛加河 · 蘇達河 · 舍克斯納河 · 索戈扎河 · 科托羅斯爾河 · 科斯特羅馬河 · 涅姆達河 · 溫扎河 · 烏佐拉河 · 奧卡河 · 庫季馬河 · 克爾熱涅茨河 · 蘇拉河 · 韋特盧加河 · 魯特卡河 · 齊維利河 · 大卡克沙河 · 小卡克沙河 · 阿尼什河 · 伊列季河 · 斯維亞加河 · 蘇姆卡河 · 卡贊卡河 · 卡馬河 · 阿克泰河 · 別兹德納河 · 大切列姆尚河 · 索克河 · 薩馬拉河 · 恰帕耶夫卡河 · 小伊爾吉兹河 · 大伊爾吉兹河 · 捷列什卡河 · 耶魯斯蘭河 · 阿赫圖巴河 (分流)


Map of the drainage basin of the Volga.
水庫

Volgo Lake · 伊万科夫水库 · 烏格利奇水庫 · 雷賓斯克水庫 · 高尔基水库 · 切博克薩雷水庫 · 古比雪夫水庫 · 薩拉托夫水庫 · 伏爾加格勒水庫


水力
發電廠

伊万科夫水電站 · 烏格利奇水電站 · 雷賓斯克水電站 · Nizhny Novgorod · 切博克薩雷水電站 · Zhiguli · 薩拉托夫水電站 · 伏爾加水電站


運河

莫斯科運河 · 伏爾加─波羅的海水路 · 伏爾加-頓河運河




规范控制


  • WorldCat Identities

  • GND: 4342590-2

  • VIAF: 239172346



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